Does early-stage liver cancer cause pain when pressed?

Written by Yan Chun
Oncology
Updated on May 15, 2025
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In the early stages of liver cancer, patients generally do not experience pain when pressing on the liver area. Pain in the liver area or a sensation of liver pain typically occurs in the middle or late stages of liver cancer and is a common manifestation.

The main reasons for the pain are that the liver cancer lesions are large, causing an increase in liver volume, which leads to a tense pain in the liver capsule. Additionally, the invasion of liver cancer into the liver cells and surrounding tissues can cause pain. Another cause of pain may be abnormal hormone secretion triggered by the lesions, which then stimulates the pain perception centers, resulting in pain.

For patients with early-stage liver cancer, the tumors are generally small and usually do not cause noticeable clinical symptoms. In many cases, patients may exhibit non-specific symptoms such as indigestion and mild fatigue. In contrast, patients with middle to late-stage liver cancer often exhibit more clinical manifestations due to the progression of the disease.

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Can pain around the belly button be liver cancer?

The tissues around the navel are primarily intestinal tissues. The outer ring is the large intestine, and close to the navel is mainly the small intestine. If there is pain around the navel that feels like pulling or bloating, and it relieves after defecation, then it is generally enteritis. The liver, on the other hand, is located in the upper right part of the abdomen, below the rib margin. If pain occurs in this area, the possibility of liver cancer is high, and the two types of pain are completely different. Pain around the navel is mainly pulling pain, and it is not very severe; whereas liver pain is primarily bloating pain, which is very severe, and general medications cannot alleviate it. Therefore, pain around the navel is unlikely to be liver cancer.

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Will Hepatitis B "big three yang" turn into liver cancer?

Patients with severe hepatitis B, if not treated in time or improperly or for an inadequate duration, may progress to develop liver cirrhosis. A portion of those with cirrhosis might then develop liver cancer. Therefore, patients with severe hepatitis B could potentially develop liver cancer if left untreated or not properly treated. Therefore, once diagnosed with hepatitis B, particularly severe forms, prompt and standardized treatment should be sought to achieve an antiviral response against hepatitis B and prevent the occurrence of liver cirrhosis and liver cancer.

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How is liver cancer diagnosed?

In clinical practice, if a patient has a history of chronic hepatitis B and imaging tests, such as an enhanced CT or MRI of the liver, suggest a radiological appearance of liver cancer, combined with an AFP level greater than 400 persisting for four weeks, these conditions can support a clinical diagnosis of liver cancer. However, for a confirmed diagnosis, a liver biopsy guided by ultrasound or CT must be performed. The definitive diagnosis of liver cancer relies on identifying cancer cells through pathological examination.

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Early symptoms of primary liver cancer

Primary liver cancer often shows no obvious symptoms in its early stages. It may present symptoms similar to indigestion, hepatitis, etc. For example, there might be slight discomfort or pain in the upper right abdomen, aversion to oil, or loss of appetite. Generally, regular health check-ups are needed, including imaging studies of the liver such as ultrasound, CT, or MRI. Liver function tests and tumor markers such as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) should also be performed. In most cases of primary liver cancer, AFP levels will be elevated. Combined with imaging studies, a preliminary diagnosis can be made. A definitive diagnosis requires liver biopsy or confirmation through pathology after surgery.

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Primary liver cancer causes

The causes and specific mechanisms of primary liver cancer are not yet very clear; its development is a complex process involving multiple factors and steps, influenced by various aspects such as environment and diet. Primary liver cancer is associated with chronic hepatitis B and C virus infections, aflatoxin, contaminated drinking water, and alcoholic cirrhosis, among other factors. Particularly, hepatocellular carcinoma has a significant association with hepatitis B, and most patients may also have a history of chronic hepatitis B.