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Liu Liang
Oncology
About me
Loudi Central Hospital, Oncology Department, attending physician, has been engaged in clinical work in the field of oncology for many years, and has rich clinical experience in the diagnosis and treatment of oncologic diseases.
Proficient in diseases
Specializes in common diseases such as lung cancer, liver cancer, stomach cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, and lymphoma.
Voices
How is ovarian cancer diagnosed?
Ovarian cancer is discovered through transvaginal ultrasound of the adnexa uteri revealing ovarian tumors, or through imaging studies such as abdominal CT scans or MRIs showing ovarian tumors, combined with tumor markers, particularly the ovarian epithelial cancer tumor marker CA125, which will be significantly elevated. Generally, with these findings, ovarian cancer can typically be clinically diagnosed. Confirmation, however, requires pathological diagnosis, which involves obtaining a biopsy of the tumor. This can be done through a puncture biopsy or through pathological examination after surgical excision to confirm ovarian cancer. Additionally, some patients with ovarian cancer present with substantial ascites at the time of discovery. If cancer cells are found in the abdominal fluid, combined with a significant increase in CA125 and imaging studies showing ovarian tumors, ovarian cancer can also be diagnosed.
Is prostate cancer prone to metastasis?
Prostate cancer most commonly metastasizes to bones, with multiple bone metastases frequently observed clinically. In fact, the majority of prostate cancer patients already have multiple bone metastases by the time they are diagnosed. Therefore, bone is the most common distant organ to which prostate cancer spreads. Other distant organ metastases, such as to the lungs and liver, are less common, unless in very advanced stages of the disease. Additionally, prostate cancer commonly invades locally, spreading to nearby pelvic structures and tissues, such as the bladder and rectum, which is a common form of local invasion and spread.
Causes of Malignant Lymphoma
The causes of malignant lymphoma are the result of multiple factors. First, it is associated with infections by bacteria or viruses, such as the well-documented chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori, which is closely related to the occurrence of lymphoma associated with the gastric mucosa. Second, immunodeficiency conditions, like in AIDS patients or those who have been taking immunosuppressive drugs for a long period, have a higher likelihood of developing malignant lymphoma compared to the general population. Third, chemical or physical factors, such as environmental carcinogens and electromagnetic radiation, can also lead to malignant lymphoma. Other factors, such as long-term use of certain drugs like phenytoin or pseudoephedrine, and a genetic predisposition, can also be causes of malignant lymphoma.
How is prostate cancer formed?
The causes of prostate cancer are not yet very clear. According to relevant data analysis, the occurrence of prostate cancer may be related to prostate gonorrhea, infections with viruses or chlamydia, as well as the intensity of sexual activity and the impact of hormones. On the other hand, a high-fat diet and some occupational factors are also somewhat related to the disease. Therefore, the formation of prostate cancer is the result of multifactorial influences including environmental and genetic factors, personal lifestyle habits, and dietary habits, all of which are significantly interconnected.
Can prostate cancer be cured?
Early-stage prostate cancer patients can achieve a cure through radical surgery or radical radiotherapy and other treatment methods. Therefore, whether prostate cancer can be cured is related to the stage of the patient's condition. Early-stage prostate cancer patients can be cured through radical surgery or radical radiotherapy. If the cancer is diagnosed at a late stage, with extensive pelvic metastasis or multiple bone metastases, treatment for these late-stage prostate cancer patients primarily revolves around endocrine therapy. Most patients respond well to endocrine treatment; however, for these late-stage prostate cancer patients, the treatment aims to alleviate symptoms and extend survival. Through these treatments, a cure is not achievable.
Can prostate cancer be detected by a CT scan?
If a CT scan is performed for prostate cancer, it usually can detect the tumor in the prostate, especially an enhanced CT scan will show enhancement. However, to confirm the diagnosis, it is still necessary to perform a prostate biopsy to find cancer cells. Only with the detection of cancer cells can prostate cancer be diagnosed. Additionally, a blood test for the tumor marker PSA, which generally increases, can be used in combination with these findings for a comprehensive evaluation. The definitive diagnosis of prostate cancer requires a biopsy to find cancer cells, which is the gold standard for diagnosing prostate cancer.
Ovarian cancer pain symptoms
In the early stages of ovarian cancer, the symptoms can be quite hidden, and the patient may not feel any discomfort at all. However, as the tumor grows and ascites develops, the patient typically may experience abdominal bloating, or a palpable mass may be felt in the pelvic or lower abdominal area. At this point, symptoms such as pain in the lower abdomen may occur, especially when there is a substantial amount of ascites, leading to clinical symptoms like abdominal bloating and pain. In even more advanced stages of ovarian cancer, the tumor may invade surrounding pelvic organs, potentially causing partial intestinal obstruction or symptoms of pelvic compression. With conditions like intestinal obstruction, there will be significant abdominal pain, possibly accompanied by vomiting, especially after eating, which can exacerbate the symptoms.
Can prostate cancer be detected by ultrasound B?
Prostate cancer can generally be detected through ultrasound, as it reveals nodules in the prostate. By examining the internal echoes of these nodules, one can differentiate between benign and malignant prostate conditions. Thus, in foreign countries, ultrasound, specifically prostate color Doppler ultrasound examinations, are used as a screening method for prostate cancer. In China, screening methods also include traditional digital rectal examinations and generally involve blood tests for specific prostate tumor markers, namely PSA. These tests are combined with prostate ultrasound for a comprehensive assessment.
Does ovarian cancer hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy work?
Patients with ovarian cancer are prone to peritoneal metastasis, so many patients develop ascites during the discovery of the disease or its progression. A large amount of ascites is a common concurrent symptom in patients with ovarian cancer. For patients with significant ascites like this, hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) can be performed, which involves infusing chemotherapy drugs into the abdominal cavity and then combining it with thermotherapy. This treatment generally has a decent effect, especially in controlling the spread of cancer cells in the peritoneum and managing ascites.
early symptoms of Hodgkin's lymphoma
Malignant lymphoma refers to a type of malignant tumor that originates in the lymph nodes or extranodal organs or tissues. Therefore, Hodgkin's lymphoma is a type of lymphoma. Its early symptoms mainly start with the enlargement of superficial lymph nodes throughout the body, with 90% of Hodgkin's lymphoma patients presenting with enlargement of superficial lymph nodes as an early symptom when they seek medical advice. The most common superficial lymph nodes are those above the collarbone and in the neck, but enlargement can also occur in the axillary and inguinal lymph nodes, which are also some of the more common early clinical manifestations seen in practice.