Persistent hiccupping is not necessarily a sign of liver cancer. The main causes are likely related to stomach disorders. For instance, chronic gastritis, acute gastritis, peptic ulcers, malignant stomach tumors, stomach cramps, or diseases of the mediastinum, such as mediastinal tumors, may irritate nerves causing persistent hiccups. Persistent hiccups caused by liver cancer are relatively rare, and further comprehensive upper abdominal imaging, chest imaging, and gastroscopic examinations are required to make a definitive diagnosis and initiate appropriate treatment. Treatment for hiccups may include medications such as metoclopramide, as well as acupuncture or moxibustion for symptomatic relief. (Please use medication under the guidance of a physician.)