How to treat thyroid cysts?

Written by Chen Xie
Endocrinology
Updated on September 07, 2024
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Treatment of thyroid cysts generally does not require special treatment, just regular monitoring of thyroid ultrasound and thyroid function. Thyroid function must be monitored for thyroid cysts. When thyroid function is reduced, hormone replacement therapy is needed. When thyroid function is hyperactive, anti-thyroid treatment is needed. If the patient's thyroid function is normal, only regular monitoring of thyroid ultrasound and thyroid function is required to understand changes in the size of the cyst. However, if the cyst is large enough to cause symptoms such as breathing difficulties or carotid ischemia, surgical treatment is recommended in a timely manner. Currently, radiofrequency treatment is also a new treatment method, which can be considered as an alternative option, but it is not recommended.

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Written by Lin Xiang Dong
Endocrinology
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How to treat thyroid cysts?

Thyroid cysts refer to fluid-filled sacs found in the thyroid, generally round in shape and varying in size, with no significant clinical symptoms. They can appear as a single nodule or multiple nodules. Typically, when thyroid cysts are detected, high-resolution thyroid ultrasonography can be used to observe their ultrasonographic appearance. Thyroid cysts are generally considered benign thyroid nodules and usually do not require treatment. Regular follow-up with thyroid ultrasound is sufficient. If the thyroid cyst is too large and causes compressive symptoms, such as difficulty in breathing or swallowing, hoarseness, etc., surgical removal can be considered.

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Written by Zhang Li
Endocrinology
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What are the symptoms of thyroid cysts?

Thyroid cysts generally refer to a cystic mass found in the thyroid, typically containing a mixture of fluid or semi-solid fluid. The mass usually has clear boundaries and is painless. It can move up and down with swallowing, which distinguishes it from some subcutaneous nodules. Thyroid cysts generally do not show obvious symptoms or clinical signs and are mostly discovered when looking in the mirror or during a physical examination. However, larger thyroid cysts may cause compression symptoms, such as pressing backward against the trachea or esophagus, leading to symptoms like breathlessness and discomfort swallowing. A small portion may also exhibit signs of thyroid dysfunction, such as hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, although this is relatively rare in clinical settings.

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Written by Chen Xie
Endocrinology
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What foods are good for thyroid cysts?

For patients with thyroid cysts, it is necessary to check their thyroid function to understand their condition. For patients with hyperthyroidism, it is advised to avoid iodine-rich foods, such as seaweed, kelp, and seafood. However, patients with thyroid cysts are suggested to eat more foods that can enhance the immune system, such as shiitake mushrooms, mushrooms, wood ear mushrooms, walnuts, Chinese yam, and red dates. They can also eat some foods that help reduce nodules and swelling, such as spinach, mustard greens, and kiwifruit. Patients with thyroid cysts are advised to quit smoking and drinking, and avoid spicy and stimulating foods, such as chili peppers, Sichuan peppercorns, and onions. Additionally, they should avoid eating overly greasy foods.

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Written by Zhao Xin Lan
Endocrinology
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Can thyroid cysts be treated with minimally invasive surgery?

When the cyst is smaller than 5cm, minimally invasive treatment can be used. Thyroid cysts are generally benign lesions and rarely become malignant. A thyroid cyst refers to a fluid-containing cystic structure in the thyroid, commonly known as a blister. This blister can be large or small, and is usually asymptomatic when small. For its treatment, when the cyst is smaller than 5cm, a minimally invasive procedure involving fine needle aspiration can be performed to withdraw fluid from the cyst, followed by the injection of anhydrous alcohol to close off the cyst cavity and prevent recurrence. However, if the cyst is larger than 5cm, surgical treatment is recommended for complete removal.

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Written by Chen Xie
Endocrinology
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What should be paid attention to regarding thyroid cysts?

Thyroid cysts generally do not show obvious symptoms. When a cyst significantly enlarges or internal bleeding occurs, compressive symptoms or pain may appear. Thyroid cysts can lead to hyperthyroidism, and if persistent, may eventually cause hypothyroidism. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly monitor thyroid function to understand the status of thyroid activity. The treatment of thyroid cysts primarily involves distinguishing whether they are malignant. For thyroid cysts suspected to be malignant, surgical treatment is required. Generally, thyroid cysts are benign and only require regular observation and follow-up.