Foods to avoid with thyroid cysts

Written by Chen Xie
Endocrinology
Updated on September 20, 2024
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For patients with thyroid cysts, it is necessary to first understand the patient's thyroid function, whether it is normal, overactive, or underactive. For patients with thyroid cysts who also have hyperthyroidism, a diet avoiding iodine is still necessary, as excessive iodine intake can significantly affect their hyperthyroid condition, therefore they need to consume iodine-free food. However, for patients with normal thyroid function or those with hypothyroidism, a normal diet is appropriate, and there is no need to avoid iodine. It is also recommended that they avoid smoking and alcohol in their daily life.

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Written by Zhang Jun Jun
Endocrinology
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Do thyroid cysts require surgery?

Thyroid cysts are generally benign lesions and are typically classified as below 3B level in thyroid ultrasound grading, which means they are categorized as class 1, 2, or even 3. The decision to perform surgery depends primarily on the size of the thyroid cyst. If the cyst is large enough to cause compressive symptoms, then surgical treatment is necessary at that time. Secondly, if the development of the thyroid cyst is rapid, and fine needle aspiration of the thyroid reveals malignant changes, then surgery is also required. For routine thyroid examinations, if the thyroid cyst is relatively small, classified at a lower level, and there are no associated thyroid functional abnormalities, regular follow-up is generally sufficient without the need for surgical intervention.

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Written by Zhao Xin Lan
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Can thyroid cysts be treated with minimally invasive surgery?

When the cyst is smaller than 5cm, minimally invasive treatment can be used. Thyroid cysts are generally benign lesions and rarely become malignant. A thyroid cyst refers to a fluid-containing cystic structure in the thyroid, commonly known as a blister. This blister can be large or small, and is usually asymptomatic when small. For its treatment, when the cyst is smaller than 5cm, a minimally invasive procedure involving fine needle aspiration can be performed to withdraw fluid from the cyst, followed by the injection of anhydrous alcohol to close off the cyst cavity and prevent recurrence. However, if the cyst is larger than 5cm, surgical treatment is recommended for complete removal.

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Written by Luo Han Ying
Endocrinology
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The difference between thyroid cysts and nodules

Thyroid cysts are a benign change in the thyroid, and are generally classified as first or second level in clinical analysis. Thyroid nodules may be solid or may have mixed echogenicity. The biggest difference between a thyroid nodule and a cyst is their composition: cysts usually contain fluid, whereas nodules may contain other substances. Secondly, the vast majority of cysts are benign, classified as sub-level. Nodules, however, may potentially be malignant, and are classified as third, fourth, or even fifth level. If it is a thyroid cyst, there is no need for excessive worry. If it is a thyroid nodule, it is crucial to complete an ultrasound classification and then schedule regular follow-up exams.

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Written by Zhao Xin Lan
Endocrinology
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Will thyroid cysts recur after surgery?

Thyroid cysts refer to fluid-filled sac-like structures that occur in the thyroid gland. Typically, thyroid cysts do not exhibit any clinical symptoms. However, if they continue to grow, there is a risk of bleeding within the cyst. Therefore, when the cyst is larger than 3 centimeters, surgical treatment is often recommended. Generally, surgical removal is quite safe and reliable, and the prognosis after surgery is usually good with a low risk of recurrence. However, there is still a chance of recurrence, and if it recurs, surgery can be conducted again. Hence, thyroid cysts are relatively mild and benign lesions. If the cyst is smaller than 3 centimeters, alcohol sclerotherapy can also be performed.

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Written by Chen Xie
Endocrinology
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What foods are good for thyroid cysts?

For patients with thyroid cysts, it is necessary to check their thyroid function to understand their condition. For patients with hyperthyroidism, it is advised to avoid iodine-rich foods, such as seaweed, kelp, and seafood. However, patients with thyroid cysts are suggested to eat more foods that can enhance the immune system, such as shiitake mushrooms, mushrooms, wood ear mushrooms, walnuts, Chinese yam, and red dates. They can also eat some foods that help reduce nodules and swelling, such as spinach, mustard greens, and kiwifruit. Patients with thyroid cysts are advised to quit smoking and drinking, and avoid spicy and stimulating foods, such as chili peppers, Sichuan peppercorns, and onions. Additionally, they should avoid eating overly greasy foods.