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Luo Juan
Endocrinology
About me
Associate Chief Physician, Department of Endocrinology, Hunan People's Hospital, Master's degree. Youth Committee Member of the Hunan Diabetes Professional Committee. Member of the Women's Endocrine Disease Prevention and Treatment Professional Committee of the Hunan Female Physician Association.
Proficient in diseases
Diagnosis and treatment of diabetes, thyroid disease, and adrenal gland diseases.
Voices
What vegetables should be eaten for hyperuricemia?
For hyperuricemia, almost all vegetables, fruits, milk, and eggs can be safely consumed, as these foods are low in purines and therefore can be eaten without concern. However, spinach among the vegetables contains a certain amount of purines. It can be consumed by individuals with hyperuricemia, but it is important to limit the quantity and not consume too much. On the other hand, consumption of some high-purine animal organs such as heart, liver, kidney, brain, crabs, oysters, and other high-purine foods should be restricted. Additionally, meat, fish, and shrimp, which also contain certain amounts of purines, can be consumed but intake should be moderated.
Which department should I go to for osteoporosis?
Osteoporosis should be treated in the endocrinology department. First, let's understand what osteoporosis is. Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by decreased bone mass, destruction of bone microstructure, increased bone fragility, and susceptibility to fractures. Osteoporosis can generally be divided into two types: primary and secondary. Primary osteoporosis is also known as postmenopausal osteoporosis and senile osteoporosis, and postmenopausal osteoporosis is the most common type, directly related to the lack of estrogen. Therefore, osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease and belongs to metabolic disorders, so it should be treated in the endocrinology department.
Is thyroiditis fever dangerous?
Fever symptoms in thyroiditis mainly refer to acute suppurative thyroiditis and subacute thyroiditis. Acute suppurative thyroiditis is a purulent infectious disease, often a mixed bacterial infection, commonly occurring after upper respiratory infections or fine-needle aspiration of thyroid nodules. Symptoms can include thyroid enlargement, pain, difficulty swallowing, fever, and other systemic symptoms. Broad-spectrum antibiotics can be used for initial treatment. If the pathogen is identified, the type of antibiotic can be adjusted. Some patients may require incision and drainage if an abscess is present, and in very rare cases, complications such as tracheal obstruction or mediastinitis may occur. Additionally, patients with subacute thyroiditis may also experience fever, usually a mild to moderate increase in body temperature, and in some cases, it can reach 40°C. The fever typically peaks around the third to fourth day and subsides in about a week. Patients with this type of fever can generally use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and since subacute thyroiditis is a self-limiting disease, whether the fever in thyroiditis is dangerous depends on the situation.
What does hypoglycemia lack?
Hypoglycemia refers to a decrease in the concentration of glucose in the blood, known as hypoglycemia. Generally, for the normal healthy population, a blood glucose concentration below 2.8 mmol/L is considered hypoglycemia. For diabetic patients, a blood glucose concentration below 3.9 mmol/L is considered hypoglycemia. Of course, this can also be due to some endocrine diseases, such as pituitary insufficiency, adrenal cortex insufficiency, and hypothyroidism leading to hypoglycemia. In addition to the low concentration of glucose in the blood, there may also be a decrease in some hormone levels related to pituitary, adrenal, and thyroid functions, such as decreased cortisol and thyroid hormone levels, which are also deficiencies in the body.
Can people with Hashimoto's thyroiditis eat lamb?
Currently, there is no evidence to suggest that patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis cannot eat mutton, so it is permissible to eat mutton. Hashimoto's thyroiditis is a common autoimmune thyroid disease and the primary cause of hypothyroidism. Its onset is generally closely related to genetic factors, abnormal iodine metabolism, and immune function abnormalities. The pathological characteristics are mainly marked by significant infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma cells in the thyroid, as well as fibrosis of thyroid tissues. In terms of diet, patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis need to strictly control their iodine intake.
Can thyroid cysts grow larger?
Some thyroid cysts can grow larger. A thyroid cyst refers to a fluid-filled sac found in the thyroid gland, typically round in shape with a diameter ranging from two to five centimeters. Generally, these cysts are painless or only mildly painful. Most are solitary nodules, though a few are found in multiple nodules. Thyroid cysts are not an independent disease; they can result from simple goiter, nodular goiter, or degenerative changes in thyroid adenomas. Some cysts may also form due to thyroid cancer, through processes like hemorrhaging and necrosis. At least 4% of the population can feel thyroid nodules larger than one centimeter, and about 5% to 20% of these nodules are cystic. Particularly when individual nodules exceed four centimeters in diameter, thyroid cysts have a 4% to 5% rate of malignancy. Therefore, it is possible for thyroid cysts to grow larger.
Can people with hypoglycemia exercise?
Generally speaking, when hypoglycemia occurs, one should first correct the low blood sugar levels and identify the cause of the hypoglycemia before engaging in exercise. This is because hypoglycemia can manifest in various ways depending on the cause, the degree and speed of the blood sugar drop, and the individual's response. For instance, some patients may exhibit symptoms of excessive sympathetic nervous system activation, such as sweating, trembling, palpitations, hunger, anxiety, tension, and a slight increase in blood pressure. If hypoglycemia is not corrected, it can lead to a further decline in blood sugar levels, resulting in symptoms of neuroglycopenia. These may include lack of mental focus, dizziness, sluggishness, blurred vision, unsteady gait, and even hallucinations, restlessness, abnormal behavior, and other psychotic manifestations. Some may also exhibit confusion, infantile movements, choreiform movements, and even some spasms, coma, and a drop in blood pressure. Therefore, hypoglycemia is a serious condition and exercise should only be undertaken after it has been corrected.
Can people with hyperlipidemia eat walnuts?
People with hyperlipidemia can eat walnuts. Primarily, walnuts contain unsaturated fatty acids, which can lower plasma cholesterol levels, low-density lipoprotein levels, and increase high-density lipoprotein levels in the blood. However, as these unsaturated fatty acids are high in calories, excessive intake can lead to overweight or obesity. Therefore, even the unsaturated fatty acids in the diet should not be consumed in excess. Thus, people with hyperlipidemia can eat walnuts, but they should not consume them in large quantities. Moderate consumption is advised, as excessive intake could lead to excessive calories, causing obesity or overweight.
Is thyroid cyst calcification serious?
Is severe calcification of a thyroid cyst serious? It depends on the situation. Firstly, a thyroid cyst is not an independent disease; it develops from a simple goiter, nodular goiter, or regressive changes in a thyroid adenoma, some of which may be due to bleeding or necrosis caused by thyroid cancer, forming a thyroid cyst. Therefore, a thyroid cyst could potentially be a malignant indicator. Moreover, the calcification of thyroid cysts mainly depends on the description of the calcification. For instance, some are fine punctate microcalcifications, which are less than or equal to 1mm, while others are larger, coarse calcifications larger than 1mm, and there are even some annular calcifications. Thus, thyroid cyst calcification is not necessarily cancerous, and the likelihood of malignancy varies with each type of calcification, generally, the potential for malignancy is microcalcification greater than coarse calcification, greater than annular calcification. Therefore, whether calcification of a thyroid cyst is serious mainly depends on whether it is a malignant lesion.
Can people with obesity eat pork?
Obesity can include pork in the diet, but it is important to limit the amount consumed. A primary method in managing obesity is to restrict calorie intake. Generally, this involves adopting a diet that is low in calories or fat, with fat content less than 25%, regular physical exercise, monitoring food portions and physical activity, and keeping an eye on weight. Generally, it's essential to reduce energy intake by consuming low-calorie or very low-calorie diets, and eating lean meats and poultry, as these foods also have a higher proportion of protein but lower fat content. Therefore, those with obesity can consume pork, but it is advisable to focus on lean cuts to minimize fat intake.