Differences between Thyroid Cysts and Nodules

Written by Zhang Li
Endocrinology
Updated on September 20, 2024
00:00
00:00

Thyroid cysts and thyroid nodules are different. Generally, thyroid nodules are classified into solid nodules, mixed nodules, and cystic nodules. Most thyroid cysts refer to cystic nodules of the thyroid, meaning that the nodules primarily contain fluid components. Usually, these thyroid cysts are nonfunctional. That is, they contain some fluid, which could be exudate or bloody fluid, but these fluids generally do not cause hormonal level changes. Nodules, on the other hand, often involve functional changes; they can be nodules that produce thyroid hormones or could be cancerous nodules. Therefore, in these respects, thyroid cysts and nodules are different.

Other Voices

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Zhao Xin Lan
Endocrinology
36sec home-news-image

Can people with thyroid cysts eat sea fish?

The exact cause of thyroid cysts is not very clear, but some scholars believe it is related to iodine metabolism. Therefore, in areas where iodine is particularly lacking or particularly abundant, the incidence of thyroid cysts tends to increase. Hence, the diet should avoid both too low and too high iodine intake. As for eating sea fish, occasional consumption should be acceptable. However, eating sea fish daily may lead to excessive iodine intake, potentially causing further development of the cysts.

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Zhang Li
Endocrinology
53sec home-news-image

Do thyroid cysts need treatment?

Thyroid cysts generally do not require special treatment, as most thyroid cysts are quite small, and even larger ones usually do not cause significant clinical symptoms. However, treatment may be necessary in some cases, such as when a thyroid cyst becomes large enough to cause compressive symptoms, leading to difficulty breathing or swallowing, in which case puncture or surgery might be considered. On the other hand, if a thyroid cyst is accompanied by abnormalities in thyroid function, it is important to assess whether there is hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism and treat according to the specific functional state. Additionally, in a small number of cases where a thyroid cyst may have a tendency to worsen, a puncture biopsy is needed to make a diagnosis, and if confirmed, surgery and appropriate treatment should be carried out.

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Luo Juan
Endocrinology
54sec home-news-image

Which department should I go to for a thyroid cyst?

Firstly, we recommend that patients with thyroid cysts should consult the endocrinology department first to assess thyroid function, to determine if there is hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, or normal thyroid function. Then, perform a thyroid ultrasound to evaluate the size of the cyst and its relationship with surrounding tissues, etc. Therefore, patients with thyroid cysts should first visit the endocrinology department. If surgical intervention or other further treatments are necessary, then a visit to the breast and thyroid department is needed. However, it is first essential to assess the function and local conditions of the cyst in the endocrinology department before deciding on the next step of treatment.

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Chen Xie
Endocrinology
52sec home-news-image

Foods to avoid with thyroid cysts

For patients with thyroid cysts, it is necessary to first understand the patient's thyroid function, whether it is normal, overactive, or underactive. For patients with thyroid cysts who also have hyperthyroidism, a diet avoiding iodine is still necessary, as excessive iodine intake can significantly affect their hyperthyroid condition, therefore they need to consume iodine-free food. However, for patients with normal thyroid function or those with hypothyroidism, a normal diet is appropriate, and there is no need to avoid iodine. It is also recommended that they avoid smoking and alcohol in their daily life.

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Zhao Xin Lan
Endocrinology
49sec home-news-image

Can thyroid cysts be treated with minimally invasive surgery?

When the cyst is smaller than 5cm, minimally invasive treatment can be used. Thyroid cysts are generally benign lesions and rarely become malignant. A thyroid cyst refers to a fluid-containing cystic structure in the thyroid, commonly known as a blister. This blister can be large or small, and is usually asymptomatic when small. For its treatment, when the cyst is smaller than 5cm, a minimally invasive procedure involving fine needle aspiration can be performed to withdraw fluid from the cyst, followed by the injection of anhydrous alcohol to close off the cyst cavity and prevent recurrence. However, if the cyst is larger than 5cm, surgical treatment is recommended for complete removal.