Will thyroid cancer spread if surgery is not performed immediately after a biopsy?

Written by Yan Chun

Oncology

Updated on September 03, 2024

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Thyroid cancer, after undergoing a fine needle biopsy, may spread if surgery cannot be performed immediately, which is a risk of the thyroid cancer biopsy. Fine needle biopsy of the thyroid is a method for obtaining histopathological results and is a gold standard for the clinical diagnosis of thyroid cancer. A biopsy is an invasive examination that causes some degree of harm to the body, hence, informed consent must be obtained from the patient before proceeding. After the biopsy, complications such as local bleeding, swelling, pain, and infection may occur, and the spread of cancer cells at the biopsy site is a significant adverse effect. Therefore, for most thyroid cancer patients, it is advisable to arrange surgery as soon as possible after a biopsy to prevent the disease from spreading.

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Written by Zhao Xin Lan

Endocrinology

1min 12sec

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Differences between the symptoms of thyroiditis and thyroid cancer

Thyroiditis, if it is acute suppurative thyroiditis, clinical manifestations include fever, local pain in the thyroid, tenderness on palpation, and a hard texture of the thyroid. Examination will show an increase in white blood cells. Subacute thyroiditis may also present with mild fever or high fever and local pain in the thyroid, but compared to suppurative thyroiditis, the increase in white blood cell levels is not as significant in subacute thyroiditis. If it is autoimmune thyroiditis, there may not be obvious symptoms clinically; there may be enlargement of the thyroid, and the thyroid may feel tougher upon palpation. As for thyroid cancer, clinically, if it does not cause hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, there are no specific symptoms. When the cancerous tumor is large, there may be an enlargement of the thyroid, the texture of the enlarged thyroid will be very hard, and there will be notable local adhesions. Of course, the main difference can be detected and diagnosed through an ultrasound examination.

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Written by Gong Chun

Oncology

1min 16sec

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How is thyroid cancer diagnosed?

The first point is the diagnostic process for differentiated thyroid cancer. Initially, most patients may not have symptoms, while a minority might show symptoms due to invasion of surrounding organs. Ultrasound examination is the preferred method for diagnosing thyroid nodules. Ultrasound can clarify the number, nature, and location of thyroid nodules, as well as provide information on whether there are abnormally enlarged lymph nodes in the neck. It has a relatively high accuracy in identifying the nature of thyroid nodules. Currently, the most accurate test for determining the nature of thyroid nodules remains the fine needle aspiration cytology, which has a diagnostic sensitivity of 83-92% and specificity of 80-92%, but it is not 100% conclusive. The second point is about the diagnosis of medullary thyroid cancer. Besides the tests common for thyroid cancers, additional tests for medullary thyroid cancer can include fine needle aspiration, ultrasound, and some serological tests, such as calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen tests.

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Written by Gong Chun

Oncology

57sec

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Thyroid cancer ultrasound manifestations

The characteristics of ultrasonography for thyroid cancer include the tumor being a solid hypoechoic mass with unclear boundaries, uneven internal echoes, abundant internal blood flow, and the presence of sandy calcifications and longitudinal growth, among others. Currently, ultrasonography is the preferred method for examining thyroid nodules. It can clearly identify the number, nature, and location of thyroid nodules, as well as whether there are any abnormally enlarged lymph nodes in the neck. Ultrasonography is highly accurate in differentiating the nature of thyroid nodules, with experienced ultrasonographers reaching an accuracy rate of over 80%. However, the highest accuracy in differentiating the nature of thyroid nodules is still achieved with fine-needle aspiration cytology.

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Written by Yan Chun

Oncology

56sec

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Will thyroid cancer spread if surgery is not performed immediately after a biopsy?

Thyroid cancer, after undergoing a fine needle biopsy, may spread if surgery cannot be performed immediately, which is a risk of the thyroid cancer biopsy. Fine needle biopsy of the thyroid is a method for obtaining histopathological results and is a gold standard for the clinical diagnosis of thyroid cancer. A biopsy is an invasive examination that causes some degree of harm to the body, hence, informed consent must be obtained from the patient before proceeding. After the biopsy, complications such as local bleeding, swelling, pain, and infection may occur, and the spread of cancer cells at the biopsy site is a significant adverse effect. Therefore, for most thyroid cancer patients, it is advisable to arrange surgery as soon as possible after a biopsy to prevent the disease from spreading.

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Written by Chen Xie

Endocrinology

59sec

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What are the clinical manifestations of thyroid cancer?

For patients with thyroid cancer, the most common clinical manifestation is thyroid nodules, and most patients do not have obvious clinical symptoms, only being incidentally discovered during physical examinations. In rare cases, patients may seek medical attention due to enlarged cervical lymph nodes. As the condition progresses, the neck mass gradually enlarges, becomes firmer, and its mobility decreases during swallowing. In some rapid developments, it may invade surrounding tissues, leading to late-stage symptoms such as hoarseness, difficulty breathing, and difficulty swallowing. When the cervical sympathetic nerve is compressed, it can cause pain in the ears, occipital region, and shoulders. In the case of medullary carcinoma, which can produce serotonin and calcitonin, patients may sometimes experience symptoms such as diarrhea, palpitations, facial flushing, or decreased blood calcium levels.