The treatment of ankylosing spondylitis mainly consists of three parts: The first part is anti-inflammatory and pain relief. For anti-inflammatory pain relief, non-steroidal pain relief medications are commonly chosen, such as slow-release diclofenac sodium tablets and celecoxib capsules. The second part involves the selection of medications to control the disease. Common drugs used to control the condition include sulfasalazine, thalidomide, and methotrexate tablets. The third part includes the most effective, yet most expensive, treatment option: biological agents. Common biological agents used are tumor necrosis factor antagonists. However, before using biological agents, strict screening for diseases such as hepatitis, tuberculosis, and cancer is required. Only after excluding these conditions can the treatment with biological agents be considered.