Can people with hypoglycemia exercise?

Written by Zhao Xin Lan
Endocrinology
Updated on February 27, 2025
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Hypoglycemia refers to a plasma glucose concentration lower than 2.8 mmol/L, at which point patients may exhibit signs of sympathetic nervous excitement, such as trembling hands, palpitations, pale complexion, profuse sweating, feelings of hunger, and fatigue. There can also be brain function disturbances, leading to symptoms like dizziness, blurred vision, hallucinations, and bizarre behavior. At this time, it is not advisable to exercise. Instead, immediate rest is recommended, along with the consumption of sugary foods to raise blood sugar levels. Exercise is strictly prohibited as it can lead to unnecessary physical injuries, such as falls.

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What are the symptoms of hypoglycemia?

The symptoms of hypoglycemia primarily manifest as signs of sympathetic nervous excitement and lack of oxygen in brain cells. Sympathetic nervous excitement can cause feelings of hunger, pale complexion, palpitations, dizziness, and trembling limbs. Meanwhile, the lack of oxygen in brain cells primarily presents as disturbances in neurological functions. The most common symptoms include inability to concentrate, slow speech and thought processes, drowsiness, abnormal behavior, and in severe cases, it can even lead to coma.

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Hypoglycemia emergency treatment procedure

Typically, when we consider a patient might have hypoglycemia, we follow the standard diagnostic procedures. First, we measure the patient's blood sugar level; if it is below 2.8 mmol/L, there is a high likelihood of hypoglycemia. Symptoms may include palpitations, dizziness, pale complexion, lack of concentration, lethargy, or even coma. Immediate action would involve giving the patient oral glucose solution or administrating glucose intravenously, followed by monitoring the patient’s clinical symptoms and blood sugar levels. If the patient's condition significantly improves after glucose provision, we can diagnose them with hypoglycemia. This is also a critical emergency procedure for hypoglycemia, which entails timely glucose supplementation. If the patient has recurrent hypoglycemia episodes, further detailed examinations should be conducted.

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Is hypoglycemia dangerous?

For hypoglycemia that has already occurred, as long as we can accurately and promptly identify the onset of hypoglycemia and provide appropriate treatment, the hypoglycemia can be alleviated and cured. Occasional hypoglycemia is not very dangerous after being handled, but if hypoglycemia occurs frequently and does not receive timely rescue, it can cause significant damage to the human body, especially the central nervous system, causing damage to brain cells. If hypoglycemia lasts too long, it can even endanger life, leading to coma, death, etc.

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Can people with hypoglycemia run?

The treatment of hypoglycemia primarily involves identifying its causes, whether due to an excessive use of medication by diabetic patients, not eating meals on time, or other reasons such as an insulinoma or other causes. In these cases, treatment should focus on the underlying causes. Or, if the hypoglycemia is simply due to not eating regularly, consider if symptoms such as frequent palpitations and easy sweating are present. If you must go running, it is advised to first correct the hypoglycemia by consuming some food to raise the blood sugar. Additionally, during the run, always carry some food with you. If symptoms of low blood sugar occur, you should eat immediately, as running can consume the glucose in the blood and lower blood sugar levels. If you do not eat on time to increase your blood sugar, it might induce severe hypoglycemia. Therefore, it is recommended to correct the blood sugar level before running, and make sure to carry food with you while running.

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Does low blood sugar cause confusion?

When hypoglycemia occurs, it is possible to experience confusion. This is because, under normal conditions, the glucose level in our brain tissue is only about 25% of that in our blood. After hypoglycemia occurs, the glucose concentration in our brain tissue will further decrease, leading to a state of sugar and oxygen deprivation in the brain. Severe cases can exhibit a range of neuropsychiatric symptoms such as behavioral changes and confusion, cognitive dysfunction, or even epileptic seizures. Some patients may also experience coma and permanent brain damage, typically seen in those with severe and prolonged hypoglycemia. Similarly, patients who repeatedly experience hypoglycemia often also suffer from brain atrophy. Therefore, confusion can occur during hypoglycemia.