How should uremia patients rest?

Written by Li Liu Sheng
Nephrology
Updated on October 19, 2024
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Adequate rest plays a very important role in the recovery of patients with uremia. If the condition of the uremia patient is in an acute phase, for example, if the patient feels palpitations, chest tightness, shortness of breath after activities, or even has obvious edema and high blood pressure, the patient should rest in bed and try to avoid getting out of bed. They should eat and take care of personal hygiene while in bed. If they feel chest tightness, they can also use oxygen. Once the condition of the uremia patient has stabilized, especially after undergoing hemodialysis treatment, and the symptoms of uremia have improved, they can rest out of bed and should ensure they get seven to eight hours of sleep daily. Only through sufficient sleep can the patient's mental state significantly improve. During the rest period, patients can also engage in appropriate recreational activities, such as outdoor walks, singing, and other activities.

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Written by Li Liu Sheng
Nephrology
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Symptoms of Uremia

Once diagnosed with uremia, patients exhibit numerous clinical symptoms, though these symptoms are not completely identical across different individuals. Typically, the primary symptoms of uremia include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, with these symptoms becoming more pronounced after eating. There might even be diarrhea, an increase in the frequency of bowel movements, and gastrointestinal bleeding. Additionally, patients show signs of edema, particularly around the eyelids and face, with very noticeable swelling in the lower limbs. Severe cases may also present with pleural effusion and ascites, accompanied by a reduction in urine output. Patients may also experience dizziness, headache, elevated blood pressure, and even exhibit pallor, anemia, itchy skin, bone pain, and intolerance to cold, among various other clinical symptoms.

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Written by Zhou Qi
Nephrology
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The precursors of uremia

The so-called uremia refers to the end result of chronic kidney disease causing long-term damage to the kidneys in patients. Patients with uremia often have long-standing conditions, as it takes time to progress from mild kidney failure to uremia. Before the onset of uremia, patients may experience symptoms related to kidney failure, such as swelling of the limbs and face, reduced urine output, proteinuria which leads to foamy urine, and visible blood in the urine due to hematuria. Patients are also prone to developing high blood pressure. These symptoms can be precursors to uremia, although other diseases can also cause similar symptoms.

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Written by Li Liu Sheng
Nephrology
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Causes of Uremia

Uremia is a syndrome caused by the progressive development of various chronic kidney diseases that ultimately leads to bilateral renal failure in patients, unable to timely remove excess water, electrolytes, and various toxins from the body. The causes of uremia are many and complex. Common causes include chronic nephritis, diabetic nephropathy, and hypertensive nephropathy. Other diseases such as chronic interstitial nephritis, chronic pyelonephritis, uric acid nephropathy, chronic obstructive nephropathy, renal vascular diseases, and hereditary nephritis can also lead to uremia. Once uremia occurs, patients often exhibit symptoms of general discomfort and may need to choose dialysis treatment, which can be either hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, depending on individual circumstances.

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Written by Zhou Qi
Nephrology
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Does uremia hurt?

The so-called uremia refers to patients whose kidney function has been lost by more than 90%, and the vast majority of kidney tissue has been destroyed. Although the condition of these patients is very serious, they do not experience pain symptoms. In patients with uremia, the kidney tissue has hardened, and in most of the causes leading to uremia, pain is not induced. Even though the kidneys have severe problems, there are no nerves in the kidneys to sense pain, as there are no sensory nerves, so the kidneys do not feel pain. Causes that can lead to uremia include diabetes, hypertension, chronic nephritis, urinary system stones, tumors, and more. Painful conditions are mainly caused by urinary system stones, while other causes generally do not entail pain.

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Written by Huang Feng Fei
Urology
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Why would someone get uremia?

Uremia, also known as end-stage renal failure, has many causes. Common surgical conditions include urological obstructions such as urethral blockage, kidney tumors, malformations, kidney cancer, and others, as well as numerous kidney cysts, all of which can lead to renal failure. Common internal medicine causes include chronic glomerulonephritis, long-standing hypertension, hypertensive nephropathy, diabetes, diabetic nephropathy, etc., which can also lead to renal failure. In summary, end-stage renal failure is referred to as uremia.