Precursors of acute appendicitis

Written by Ren Zheng Xin
Gastroenterology
Updated on September 02, 2024
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Acute appendicitis is acute inflammation of the appendix lumen, and currently, there are no particularly typical precursors, but the causes of acute appendicitis should be noted, which are related to obstruction and infection of the appendix cavity. If the appendix lumen is compressed for a long time, the accumulation of secretions can cause blood supply disorders in the distal appendix wall, directly causing damage to the appendix mucosa, and inducing infection that leads to appendicitis. Additionally, gastrointestinal dysfunctions such as diarrhea and constipation can also cause spasms of the appendix muscles and vessels, leading to blood supply disorders and mucosal damage, thereby causing acute appendicitis.

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Written by Ren Zheng Xin
Gastroenterology
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Which is more serious, acute appendicitis or chronic appendicitis?

The symptoms of acute appendicitis are relatively more severe because acute suppurative appendicititis can cause perforation of the appendiceal lumen. After the perforation, pus can flow into the abdominal cavity causing diffuse peritonitis, leading to abdominal muscle tension, tenderness, and rebound pain. If not treated promptly, it can lead to multiple organ failure. Chronic appendicitis is mostly due to incomplete treatment of acute appendicitis, or chronic latent appendicitis. The symptoms of chronic appendicitis are sometimes mild and the physical signs are not definite. Surgical removal of the appendix should be the first choice for treating acute appendicitis.

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Written by Ren Zheng Xin
Gastroenterology
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Typical symptoms of acute appendicitis

The typical symptoms of acute appendicitis include abdominal pain, which starts in the upper abdomen or around the navel and, after several hours, shifts and localizes to the lower right abdomen. Additionally, reflexive gastric spasms may cause nausea and vomiting. Due to the inflammation, the body may develop a fever, generally not exceeding 38 degrees Celsius. If the inflammation affects the parietal peritoneum, it can cause tenderness, rebound pain, and abdominal muscle rigidity. These are the typical symptoms, and a preliminary diagnosis can usually be made based on them. Most cases require an appendectomy.

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Written by Ren Zheng Xin
Gastroenterology
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The etiology of acute appendicitis

The main cause of acute appendicitis is due to the narrowing of the appendiceal lumen, which can easily lead to the obstruction of food residues and fecal masses. Following the obstruction, mucosal damage occurs, which leads to secondary infections. Additionally, neglecting regular living habits, such as overeating, excessive fatigue, and frequent heavy drinking can exacerbate or trigger acute appendicitis. Therefore, maintaining regular living habits in daily life, such as having meals at fixed times, reasonable rest and work schedules, balancing work and leisure, and engaging in appropriate outdoor activities, can play a positive role in preventing acute appendicitis.

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Written by Ren Zheng Xin
Gastroenterology
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Causes of Acute Appendicitis

The causes of acute appendicitis mainly include two types: one is the obstruction of the appendiceal lumen, and the other is infection within the appendiceal lumen. The appendix is a tube that communicates with the cecum. If it is blocked by fecoliths or fecal masses, it can lead to increased pressure inside the appendiceal lumen, damage to the mucosa, and bacterial invasion causing infection, which directly leads to acute inflammation. At the same time, gastrointestinal dysfunction can also cause spasm of appendix muscles and blood vessels, leading to blood supply disturbances. Irregular lifestyle habits, overeating, and engaging in vigorous activities after meals can all trigger acute appendicitis.

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Written by Ren Zheng Xin
Gastroenterology
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The Difference Between Acute and Chronic Appendicitis

The differences between acute appendicitis and chronic appendicitis mainly lie in the onset of the condition, physical signs, and laboratory tests. First, regarding the onset of the condition, acute appendicitis occurs suddenly and can involve abrupt abdominal pain, whereas chronic appendicitis often manifests as fixed tenderness in the lower right abdomen and the symptoms are not particularly typical. In terms of physical signs, acute appendicitis presents with migratory pain in the lower right abdomen, while chronic appendicitis generally does not involve rebound pain. Thirdly, concerning auxiliary examinations, acute appendicitis shows a significant increase in the white blood cell count during an attack, whereas in chronic appendicitis, the white blood cell count may appear normal.