Typical symptoms of acute appendicitis

Written by Ren Zheng Xin
Gastroenterology
Updated on September 25, 2024
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The typical symptoms of acute appendicitis include abdominal pain, which starts in the upper abdomen or around the navel and, after several hours, shifts and localizes to the lower right abdomen. Additionally, reflexive gastric spasms may cause nausea and vomiting. Due to the inflammation, the body may develop a fever, generally not exceeding 38 degrees Celsius. If the inflammation affects the parietal peritoneum, it can cause tenderness, rebound pain, and abdominal muscle rigidity. These are the typical symptoms, and a preliminary diagnosis can usually be made based on them. Most cases require an appendectomy.

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Written by Ren Zheng Xin
Gastroenterology
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The etiology of acute appendicitis

The main cause of acute appendicitis is due to the narrowing of the appendiceal lumen, which can easily lead to the obstruction of food residues and fecal masses. Following the obstruction, mucosal damage occurs, which leads to secondary infections. Additionally, neglecting regular living habits, such as overeating, excessive fatigue, and frequent heavy drinking can exacerbate or trigger acute appendicitis. Therefore, maintaining regular living habits in daily life, such as having meals at fixed times, reasonable rest and work schedules, balancing work and leisure, and engaging in appropriate outdoor activities, can play a positive role in preventing acute appendicitis.

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How is acute appendicitis diagnosed?

The definitive diagnosis of acute appendicitis is primarily through clinical physical examination and auxiliary tests. Based on typical symptoms of acute appendicitis, such as migratory right lower abdominal pain, vomiting, nausea, fever, and a few patients may have symptoms of constipation or diarrhea. There is obvious tenderness and rebound pain when pressing on the abdomen. Additionally, an abdominal ultrasound can indicate swelling of the appendix lumen and a significant increase in appendix size. These aspects can lead to a preliminary diagnosis, and once acute appendicitis is confirmed, surgical treatment should be carried out.

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How is acute appendicitis treated?

Acute appendicitis treatment primarily involves surgical methods, where the inflamed, suppurative, or perforated appendix is excised during the procedure, and then the base of the appendix is sutured. Moreover, if there is suppuration, it is necessary to irrigate the peritoneal cavity to prevent intra-abdominal infections. After the surgery, fluid therapy should be administered based on the patient's condition. In cases of perforation or suppuration, antibiotics should be used post-operatively. For simple appendicitis, post-operative fluid replenishment is generally sufficient, and antibiotics are not required. (Please use medications under the guidance of a doctor.)

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Gastroenterology
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Acute appendicitis surgery is where?

Acute appendicitis primarily involves the removal of the appendix, which is also the main purpose of surgical treatment. The traditional appendectomy through McBurney's point incision involves anesthesia at the waist area, making an incision at McBurney's point, ligating the appendiceal artery, removing the appendix from its base, and then suturing the end with a purse-string stitch. In laparoscopic appendectomy, performed under general anesthesia, the appendiceal artery is also ligated and the appendix removed, followed by suturing the end. Postoperative care should be enhanced to avoid excessive exertion.

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Written by Ren Zheng Xin
Gastroenterology
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acute appendicitis symptoms

The symptoms of acute appendicitis typically include abdominal pain at the onset of the condition, which initially occurs around the navel and then localizes to the lower right abdomen, as well as early nausea and vomiting caused by gastric spasms. Patients with more severe inflammation may also exhibit fever. If the inflammation spreads to the peritoneum, there will be tenderness at McBurney's point and rebound tenderness, along with tense abdominal muscles. Based on these symptoms, making a definitive diagnosis of acute appendicitis is not particularly difficult.