Initial symptoms of perianal abscess

Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
Updated on May 25, 2025
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The primary cause of perianal abscesses is recurrent infections at the anal crypts, also known as repeated episodes of cryptitis. Generally, when cryptitis recurs and forms a local infection foci, early symptoms of a perianal abscess include pain in the anus and anal canal, accompanied by pus discharge from the anal canal. When the condition progresses to a certain extent, there will be hard pus pockets or pus formation. Once the infection within the pus pocket completely turns into pus, the patient will experience intense pain, manifesting as throbbing pain. Therefore, to alleviate the pain, it is necessary to promptly incise and drain the pus and further remove the local infection foci completely.

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Written by Yu Xu Chao
Colorectal Surgery
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If pus is draining from a perianal abscess, does that mean it's getting better?

The discharge of pus from a perianal abscess does not indicate improvement. This situation is due to the spontaneous rupture of the perianal abscess, which can easily lead to the formation of an anal fistula. Since a perianal abscess is caused by an infection of the anal glands and can infect the surrounding tissues, the simple discharge of pus without clearing the internal opening and infected tissues will not resolve the problem. Furthermore, there is a risk of recurrent episodes that may even result in more severe swelling. Therefore, it is necessary to seek early treatment at a hospital's colorectal surgery department for a definitive one-time surgical resolution of the perianal abscess, removing the internal opening and infected tissues. Post-surgery, medications like anal washes and potassium permanganate solutions should be used for dressing changes. Additionally, medications like erythromycin ointment strips and mupirocin ointment can be used to promote healing of the local surgical site. Patients should also maintain perianal hygiene, ensure smooth bowel movements, and avoid dry, hard stools that may irritate and cause pain or bleeding at the wound site.

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Written by Yu Xu Chao
Colorectal Surgery
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Does a recurrent perianal abscess occur in the same location?

The recurrence of a perianal abscess may not necessarily be in the same location, but it is possible. If the internal opening was not completely cleared during the first perianal abscess surgery, this could lead to reinfection of the anal glands and subsequently a recurrence of the perianal abscess. In such cases, it is advisable to visit a hospital early for a perianal MRI to determine the position of the internal opening and the extent of the infected tissue. Then, a one-time radical surgery for the perianal abscess can be performed. After the surgery, it is crucial to consistently use medications like red oil gauze, anal wash, and golden ointment for dressing changes, to promote wound healing and avoid pseudo-healing. Additionally, if a perianal abscess was completely cured once, poor diet, lack of sleep, or frequent alcohol consumption could potentially cause abscesses in other perianal areas later. This situation is quite common, so it is important for patients to maintain a light diet.

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Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
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Initial symptoms of perianal abscess

The primary cause of perianal abscesses is recurrent infections at the anal crypts, also known as repeated episodes of cryptitis. Generally, when cryptitis recurs and forms a local infection foci, early symptoms of a perianal abscess include pain in the anus and anal canal, accompanied by pus discharge from the anal canal. When the condition progresses to a certain extent, there will be hard pus pockets or pus formation. Once the infection within the pus pocket completely turns into pus, the patient will experience intense pain, manifesting as throbbing pain. Therefore, to alleviate the pain, it is necessary to promptly incise and drain the pus and further remove the local infection foci completely.

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Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
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What will happen if a perianal abscess is not treated?

Perianal abscesses are localized abscess formations that occur due to repeated infections in the anal crypts. Typically, under perianal ultrasonography, clear pus chambers and related structures can be observed. If perianal abscesses are not treated promptly, there is a high likelihood of expansion of the local pus chambers and dispersion of the pus, leading to an increase in the size of local anal abscesses, which might involve the sacrococcygeal area or the intersphincteric space. The primary treatment for perianal abscesses is surgical, mainly through incision and drainage to evacuate the pus, followed by thorough debridement of the local wound. Additionally, if there are changes in the local sphincter, thread-lifting therapy may also be performed.

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Written by Yu Xu Chao
Colorectal Surgery
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How to eliminate a perianal abscess mass?

Perianal abscess nodules are primarily caused by inflammatory infections that lead to local fibrosis, which then forms the nodules. For these nodules, it is recommended to employ a one-time radical cure surgery for perianal abscesses, mainly to remove the internal opening and the inflamed infected tissues. Since a perianal abscess can form a fistula after bursting on its own, failing to completely remove the infected tissue may lead to the development of anal fistulas later. Therefore, clinically, for perianal abscess nodules, it is advised to treat them with a one-time radical cure surgery for perianal abscesses. Post-surgery, medications such as anal washes and red oil ointment gauze strips are chosen for dressing changes. As for early-stage perianal abscess nodules, these are mainly inflammatory infections causing red and swollen lumps, which gradually turn into purulent and liquefied masses. Once suppuration occurs, they can be opened and drained, thereby causing the nodules to disappear. The nodules formed after incision and drainage are mainly considered to be from inflammatory spread to fibrotic tissue, and thus, surgical removal is required in these cases.