Breast swelling, pain, and lumps, what is going on?

Written by Wu Shi Ting
Breast Health Department
Updated on September 19, 2024
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There are several types of conditions where lumps can be found in the breast. Breast tissue itself is essentially a hard substance that can normally be grasped or pinched by hand. Therefore, sometimes the lumps you feel in the breast are just normal areas of breast tissue protrusion, which generally disappear after menstruation or after subsiding. You do not need to worry too much about breast lumps that appear during this special period. Another more common type of breast lump is fibroadenoma of the breast, which typically occurs in women of childbearing age between 20 and 39 years old. Another condition is cystic hyperplasia of the breast. This is more common in middle-aged women, often with several hard nodules of varying sizes on both breasts, with unclear borders, which can cause pain, especially more noticeable before menstruation. When it might be a breast disease, it is advisable for patients to visit a hospital and consult a doctor on how to proceed.

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Written by Lin Yang
Breast Surgery
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What's going on with breast swelling, pain, nausea, and vomiting?

Generally considered related to breast hyperplasia. We can confirm the diagnosis through breast ultrasound or mammography, paying attention to exclude the possibility of pregnancy. Breast hyperplasia is characterized by cyclic swelling and pain of the breasts, often occurring or worsening before menstruation and reducing or disappearing after menstruation. Mild cases may go unnoticed by the patient, while severe cases can affect daily life and work. However, some patients do not show obvious cyclic changes, and symptoms might present as unilateral or bilateral breast pain or pinprick-like sensation, possibly extending to the shoulder, upper limbs, or the chest-back area. A few patients may experience nipple discharge. The condition can persist for a long time, but symptoms generally disappear or lessen after menopause. During physical examination, nodular lumps of varying sizes, firm but not hard, may be felt in one or both breasts, sometimes tender when touched.

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Written by Lin Yang
Breast Surgery
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Breast pain and bleeding after intercourse, what could be the reason?

Breast pain and nipple bleeding during intercourse are considered types of nipple discharge, possibly caused by intraductal papilloma or chronic inflammation of the ducts. Diagnosis can be made through mammography or ductoscopy. Generally, we choose ductoscopy, which allows direct observation on a computer screen whether the cause is inflammation or intraductal papilloma. If the issue is solely inflammation, it can be treated by flushing through ductoscopy. If intraductal papilloma is suspected, ductoscopy can be used to collect a tissue sample for pathology to determine whether it is due to intraductal papilloma or cancer within the ducts.

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Written by Sun Shan Shan
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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What's the matter with delayed menstruation and breast pain?

Delayed menstruation and breast pain, if it occurs in women of childbearing age who are sexually active, this condition needs to be checked to see if there is a possibility of pregnancy. Menstruation is related to mood, diet, environmental stress, and psychological tension. If there is a problem in any of these areas, it can cause menstrual disorders. Of course, a delay in menstruation of about a week is within the normal range. If menstruation is delayed for more than a week and there has been sexual activity, a pregnancy test should be used to see if there is a possibility of pregnancy. If not pregnant and menstruation is delayed for more than a week, it is necessary to promptly go to the hospital for a gynecological ultrasound to check the condition of the endometrium, and if necessary, medication can be used to induce menstruation. If a pregnancy test is positive, then it is timely to go to the hospital for a pregnancy checkup.

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Written by Zhao Xiao Dong
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Is breast pain 8 days before menstruation an early sign of pregnancy?

Breast pain and swelling eight days before menstruation is mostly not a sign of early pregnancy, but a normal physiological phenomenon. The period before menstruation is the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. After ovulation, the ovary forms the corpus luteum, which secretes estrogen and progesterone to maintain the uterine lining. Estrogen stimulates the growth of ductal cells and alveolar cells in the mammary glands, and increases the permeability of local blood vessels, leading to breast enlargement and sometimes pain. This is generally a normal physiological phenomenon and usually returns to normal after menstruation. However, it is also necessary to rule out the possibility of mammary hyperplasia, breast nodules, or even breast tumors.

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Written by Wu Shi Ting
Breast Health Department
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What causes breast pain?

We note that breast pain is commonly seen in fibrocystic breast condition. We suggest that you develop good habits in your work and daily life, avoid spicy and irritating food, as well as habits of smoking and drinking, avoid staying up late and overworking, maintain a positive mood and optimistic attitude, and seek timely examination and treatment in a specialized department of a formal hospital. If the breast pain is not caused by fibrocystic changes but other serious lesions, it is even more crucial to promptly and early receive appropriate medical treatment from a doctor.