When endometrial glandular and stromal tissues are found outside the uterine cavity, it is called endometriosis. The main clinical symptoms of endometriosis include lower abdominal pain, painful menstruation, and varying degrees of discomfort during sexual intercourse. Some women may also experience abnormal menstruation, such as prolonged menstrual periods, increased menstrual flow, and spotting before menstruation. For women of childbearing age, infertility is the greatest obstacle. Endometriosis should be treated under medical advice, with standardized and correct treatments, which can include surgery or medication. However, medication does not significantly help in improving pregnancy rates for infertile women, while surgical treatment can increase the pregnancy rate post-operation. The effectiveness of the treatment depends on the extent of the disease. For those hoping to conceive, postoperative medication is not advisable; instead, treatments that stimulate ovulation should be pursued to increase the chances of pregnancy as soon as possible. If pregnancy is not achieved within two years after surgery, the chances of conceiving are slim. For those who still cannot conceive after preserving fertility through surgery, assisted reproductive technologies like in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer may be considered. It is important to follow your doctor's advice, and if you have further questions, it is recommended to consult a doctor at a hospital for more detailed advice.