Infertility means.

Written by Kang Jian Hua
Reproductive Center
Updated on February 24, 2025
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The concept of infertility in medicine is defined as follows: both male and female partners have normal sexual relations without using any contraceptives, and if the female cannot become pregnant after a year, this condition is diagnosed as infertility. Previously, the time frame for diagnosing infertility was set at two years. However, due to the implementation of the two-child policy, the average age of both men and women tends to be higher, so it is generally limited to one year. If there is no pregnancy within this period, it is urgent to go to the hospital for diagnosis and treatment in order to identify the cause early and treat it accordingly, to avoid delaying the condition.

Other Voices

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Written by Zhao Su Min
Obstetrics
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Why am I infertile after a cesarean section?

Infertility after cesarean section may be due to the manipulation of surgical instruments on the uterus or postoperative puerperal infection, leading to pelvic inflammation and fallopian tube blockage, resulting in infertility. Therefore, it is crucial to pay attention to hygiene during the puerperium after a cesarean section, monitor the recovery of the uterus and the lochia, and observe the color and odor of the lochia daily. If the uterus does not recover well, and the lochia is excessive or persists for a long time, it is important to seek medical advice early. If there is a foul odor, timely treatment is necessary to avoid chronic pelvic inflammatory disease. It is also essential to get out of bed and move around timely to prevent the formation of venous thrombosis.

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Written by Zhang Shu Kun
Traditional Chinese Medicine
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How to regulate infertility caused by cold in the body?

Patients with cold-induced infertility can eat some foods that expel cold, such as adzuki beans, Chinese yam, coix seeds, and jujube, which can effectively help eliminate cold from the body. They can also drink chrysanthemum tea, fat sea, and honeysuckle tea, which can help regulate the body. It is also important to avoid cold, stimulating, and greasy foods, and it is recommended to eat more fresh fruits and vegetables to aid digestion in the gastrointestinal tract. Additionally, methods such as steam sauna, soaking feet in warm water, cupping, and moxibustion can effectively help expel cold and improve symptoms of infertility.

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Written by Zhao Min Ying
Reproductive Medicine
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Will infertility cause amenorrhea?

The WHO defines infertility as the condition when both the husband and wife have no desire to remain childless. If they cohabit for more than a year with normal sexual relations and without taking any contraceptive measures and still fail to conceive, they are diagnosed with infertility. Infertility and irregular menstruation are not related, nor does infertility lead to amenorrhea. Amenorrhea or irregular menstruation is due to endocrine reasons. This requires blood tests for six hormone levels, thyroid function, and some endocrine metabolism indicators. These can cause difficulty in conceiving and lead to ovulation disorders. Infertility does not cause amenorrhea, but if amenorrhea occurs, it might affect pregnancy and lead to infertility. This is the relationship between them.

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Written by Zhang Lu
Obstetrics
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Can salpingitis lead to infertility?

The fallopian tubes are an important component of the female reproductive system and play a crucial role in the process of pregnancy. First, the fallopian tubes are the site where sperm and eggs meet to form a fertilized egg. Second, after the fertilized egg is formed, the fallopian tubes are responsible for transporting it to the uterine cavity. Therefore, when any of these two processes encounter issues, it might result in infertility or an ectopic pregnancy. Therefore, inflammation of the fallopian tubes can indeed cause infertility. When significant inflammation of the fallopian tubes occurs, it affects their function, causing them to fail in transporting eggs. Under such circumstances, the sperm and egg cannot meet inside the fallopian tubes for fertilization, resulting in infertility. Additionally, even if a fertilized egg is formed, the fallopian tubes may fail to transport it to the uterine cavity, sometimes causing an ectopic pregnancy.

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Can infertility caused by endometriosis be cured?

When endometrial glandular and stromal tissues are found outside the uterine cavity, it is called endometriosis. The main clinical symptoms of endometriosis include lower abdominal pain, painful menstruation, and varying degrees of discomfort during sexual intercourse. Some women may also experience abnormal menstruation, such as prolonged menstrual periods, increased menstrual flow, and spotting before menstruation. For women of childbearing age, infertility is the greatest obstacle. Endometriosis should be treated under medical advice, with standardized and correct treatments, which can include surgery or medication. However, medication does not significantly help in improving pregnancy rates for infertile women, while surgical treatment can increase the pregnancy rate post-operation. The effectiveness of the treatment depends on the extent of the disease. For those hoping to conceive, postoperative medication is not advisable; instead, treatments that stimulate ovulation should be pursued to increase the chances of pregnancy as soon as possible. If pregnancy is not achieved within two years after surgery, the chances of conceiving are slim. For those who still cannot conceive after preserving fertility through surgery, assisted reproductive technologies like in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer may be considered. It is important to follow your doctor's advice, and if you have further questions, it is recommended to consult a doctor at a hospital for more detailed advice.