Will infertility cause amenorrhea?

Written by Zhao Min Ying
Reproductive Medicine
Updated on May 28, 2025
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The WHO defines infertility as the condition when both the husband and wife have no desire to remain childless. If they cohabit for more than a year with normal sexual relations and without taking any contraceptive measures and still fail to conceive, they are diagnosed with infertility. Infertility and irregular menstruation are not related, nor does infertility lead to amenorrhea. Amenorrhea or irregular menstruation is due to endocrine reasons. This requires blood tests for six hormone levels, thyroid function, and some endocrine metabolism indicators. These can cause difficulty in conceiving and lead to ovulation disorders. Infertility does not cause amenorrhea, but if amenorrhea occurs, it might affect pregnancy and lead to infertility. This is the relationship between them.

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Written by Luo Chun Yan
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Does taking emergency contraceptive pills cause infertility?

If emergency contraception is only used occasionally, it generally has a minor impact on fertility. However, frequent use of emergency contraceptives may lead to infertility. Emergency contraception usually consists of a combination of estrogen and progestin, with a high hormonal content. Its primary functions are to alter cervical mucus viscosity, hinder sperm mobility, suppress ovulation, and modify the endometrial environment in the uterus, thereby providing a contraceptive effect. Some may cause menstrual irregularities or ovulation disorders, affecting the motility of the fallopian tubes, potentially leading to ectopic pregnancies, which can cause infertility. Thus, emergency contraception should not be used as a regular method of contraception.

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Written by Zhao Min Ying
Reproductive Medicine
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Can sexual apathy cause infertility?

Sexual indifference is a matter concerning the harmony of sexual life between couples, the stability of their relationship, and the quality of life. Regarding fertility, as long as the couple can have sexual intercourse, the male can ejaculate, and the semen can be deposited into the female reproductive tract, there is a chance of pregnancy. Therefore, from this perspective, mere sexual indifference, as long as intercourse can be completed, does not affect conception. However, if sexual indifference prevents intercourse, then it does affect the possibility of pregnancy. Therefore, ultrasound monitoring of ovulation and guiding intercourse during the ovulation period can increase the chances of pregnancy. When necessary, artificial insemination can also be considered to aid conception.

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Written by Kang Jian Hua
Reproductive Center
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When should immune infertility be investigated?

Immunological infertility can be tested by blood draw at the hospital at any time, and it has no relation to menstruation. If a couple has been trying to conceive for over a year without contraception and has not become pregnant, they should visit the hospital for examination. If the examination shows normal ovulation, reproductive tract function, and no pathological factors are found, and the male partner’s semen analysis is within the normal range, then immunological infertility should be considered. Tests related to immunological infertility should be conducted. If there are issues, isolated treatment methods can be used for three to six months. If necessary, under the guidance of a doctor, oral immunological agents or a combination of traditional Chinese medicine can be used for treatment.

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Written by Wang Jing Hua
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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What is infertility?

If a couple has been married for a year without using contraception, are not living separately, and have not conceived, or if there has been a history of abortion and no conception has occurred within six months of unprotected sexual activity, then this is considered infertility. Infertility can be due to female factors or male factors, with male infertility also accounting for a significant proportion. Male investigations are relatively simple, non-invasive, and also less expensive, so it is generally advisable to first conduct male tests, followed by female assessments, such as endocrine function, ovulation, uterine lining, fallopian tube examinations, or various biochemical tests, etc.

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Written by Shen Li Wen
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Do Nabothian cysts of the cervix cause infertility?

Women with cervical Nabothian cysts will not become infertile because of them. Cervical Nabothian cysts are actually cysts of the cervical glands. Abnormal substances, such as squamous epithelium during the healing process, have entered the gland ducts, blocking them and preventing the contents of the cysts from escaping. They merely indicate the squamo-columnar junction of the cervix and do not affect the cervical canal or cause it to narrow, nor do they affect vaginal secretions or female infertility. However, if a woman has a particularly large single cervical cyst or multiple cervical gland cysts, they may cause cervical hypertrophy. When the cervix is enlarged, there might be hyperplasia in the interstitial part and possible formation of fibrous tissue. This could potentially affect the dilation of the cervix during childbirth.