Neonatal jaundice is one of the common symptoms in newborns, especially in premature newborns. It can either be a normal developmental symptom or an indication of certain diseases. In severe cases, it can lead to brain damage. Generally, about 80% of full-term newborns show visible signs of jaundice under normal conditions. However, it is crucial to differentiate between physiological and pathological jaundice. Physiological jaundice generally does not require intervention. If it is pathological jaundice, timely intervention and treatment are necessary because it can be an indication of various diseases. Without timely intervention, the baby might develop other serious complications. The most severe cases can see a continuous increase in bilirubin levels that might enter the brain, leading to kernicterus, and even cause hearing loss, possibly endangering life. Generally, if jaundice persists for a longer time, progresses rapidly, and is severe, it is crucial to seek medical attention promptly. If it is pathological jaundice, hospitalization for timely treatment is necessary. Neonatal jaundice is a critical indicator that requires close attention and monitoring.