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Yao Li Qin
Pediatrics
About me
Practicing physician, graduated from the Department of Pediatrics with a bachelor's degree from university, has been working in pediatric internal medicine for twenty-five years.
Proficient in diseases
Specializes in common pediatric diseases such as colds, pneumonia, diarrhea, eczema, neonatal jaundice, infant feeding, and more.
Voices
What are the symptoms of a cold in children?
Pediatric colds, also known as acute upper respiratory infections, exhibit symptoms that can be categorized into local and systemic symptoms. Local symptoms include nasal congestion, sneezing, runny nose, mild coughing, discomfort in the throat, and sore throat. Systemic symptoms primarily consist of overall weakness, fever, reduced appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and generalized aches. In infants and toddlers, local symptoms are generally not as pronounced, while systemic symptoms tend to be more severe. For some children aged six months to three years, colds accompanied by fever can also lead to febrile convulsions. In older children, local symptoms are usually more prominent, while systemic symptoms are milder. Regarding this type of acute upper respiratory infection, there are two common specific types in children: herpangina and pharyngoconjunctival fever.
How to treat baby eczema?
Infant eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is mainly caused by an allergy to milk protein, so it is important to pay attention to the child's diet. Nursing mothers should avoid consuming beef, lamb, nuts, and seafood. Additionally, for children who are formula-fed, depending on the severity of the eczema, choose either amino acid formula or hydrolyzed protein formula. The treatment of eczema primarily involves moisturizing the skin. Therefore, applying a thick layer of moisturizer specifically designed for babies on the affected areas can be very effective in treatment. Furthermore, on top of moisturizing, under the guidance of a doctor in a hospital, a weak steroid cream can be used. With the above management, eczema can generally be controlled quickly.
What medicine should a child take for vomiting and diarrhea?
In cases where children experience vomiting and diarrhea, it is generally considered that the child may have acute gastroenteritis. For particularly severe diarrhea, where the stool is watery, it is advisable to give the child montmorillonite powder to protect the intestinal mucosa, along with probiotics, and oral rehydration salts to prevent dehydration. Because severe vomiting can also be a concern, treatments to stop vomiting can be implemented, such as administering Vitamin B6 via injection, or by administering oral aluminum phosphate gel. With the above treatments, vomiting and diarrhea can generally be well controlled. If the child has already developed moderate or more severe dehydration due to the vomiting and diarrhea, accompanied by varying degrees of electrolyte disorder, hospitalization for intravenous fluid therapy is then necessary. (Please use medication under the guidance of a professional physician, and do not self-medicate.)
Is hand, foot, and mouth disease dangerous?
Hand, foot, and mouth disease is a common pediatric disease caused by an intestinal viral infection, characterized by fever and rash, with severities ranging from mild to severe. If caused by a typical enterovirus infection, hand, foot, and mouth disease generally recovers quickly with antiviral treatment and proper care of the mouth and skin. However, if caused by an EV71 virus infection, it poses certain risks. This is because the EV71 virus can affect the central nervous system, leading to symptoms such as increased intracranial pressure and respiratory and circulatory dysfunction. These complications can result in respiratory failure and cardiac failure, which are severe manifestations. Therefore, hand, foot, and mouth disease caused by the EV71 virus carries certain risks. Thus, it is important to administer a vaccine made from the EV71 virus to children to prevent severe hand, foot, and mouth disease.
Can Tetralogy of Fallot be cured?
Tetralogy of Fallot is a type of congenital heart disease linked to family genetics and is considered quite severe among congenital heart conditions. Generally, within a few months after birth, children will exhibit cyanosis of the skin. It is crucial to perform surgery on the child promptly in such cases. Currently, the level of pediatric cardiothoracic surgery in our country has developed very rapidly. For typical cases of Tetralogy of Fallot, surgical treatment can be curative. Moreover, there are no specific requirements regarding weight and age for children undergoing heart surgery nowadays. Therefore, once Tetralogy of Fallot is diagnosed in young children, it is best to perform surgery as soon as possible. These children can then grow up, develop normally, and attend school like their peers.
Do infants with sudden rash need to take medicine?
Childhood rash illness is a common pediatric acute fever caused by herpes simplex virus types 6 and 7, characterized by a high fever lasting three to four days, followed by the appearance of a rash after the fever subsides. The treatment mainly involves symptomatic management. When a child's body temperature exceeds 38.5°C, antipyretic medications such as acetaminophen and ibuprofen suspension can be administered. It is also important to ensure the child stays well-hydrated. Before the rash appears, it is not certain that it will occur. For most children who have been confirmed through a blood test to have a viral infection, antiviral medications might sometimes be administered. However, these medications ultimately do not shorten the duration of the illness. Once the child has been feverish for three days and the rash appears, no further medication is typically necessary; just ensure the child drinks plenty of fluids. The rash usually spreads within about two days and then quickly fades. (Please administer medication under the guidance of a professional physician.)
Can you swim with an umbilical hernia?
Umbilical hernia is a common navel disease in infants and young children, primarily due to developmental defects at the navel where the region is relatively weak. When abdominal pressure increases, the contents of the abdomen may protrude, but this condition is generally not serious and does not cause severe harm to the child, with most cases resolving on their own. Therefore, for babies with an umbilical hernia, it is okay to allow them to swim. Swimming will not exacerbate the hernia nor cause any adverse effects. Only a very few severe cases of umbilical hernia, which have not healed naturally by the age of two, would require surgical treatment. It is also fine for children with an umbilical hernia to swim two to three times a week; parents can be reassured about this.
What does pediatric diarrhea mean?
Pediatric diarrhea mainly refers to an increase in the frequency of bowel movements in children caused by various pathogens and factors, as well as changes in the characteristics of the stool, which is a group of diseases caused by various reasons. It can be infectious or non-infectious. When children experience diarrhea, it is most often caused by bacterial or viral infections, which require active treatment. If the diarrhea is caused by non-infectious factors such as indigestion, symptomatic treatment is generally sufficient. Once pediatric diarrhea occurs, in addition to symptomatic treatment, it is essential to administer oral rehydration salts to the child. Oral rehydration salts can prevent dehydration in the child, reduce the frequency of bowel movements, and minimize the need for intravenous fluids. (Please use medication under the guidance of a doctor)
Can rickets be vaccinated against?
Children with rickets can be vaccinated, as rickets is not listed among the contraindications for vaccination. Rickets is a disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, a nutritional issue. Once diagnosed with rickets, it is essential to treat the child promptly by supplementing vitamin D. Generally, if treated early during infancy, rickets can be cured. To prevent rickets, all children should supplement with the physiological requirement of vitamin D from birth, engage in outdoor activities, and get ample sunlight to thoroughly prevent the occurrence of rickets. Rickets does not affect the administration of vaccines, nor does vaccination exacerbate the symptoms of rickets. Therefore, it is clear that children with rickets can be vaccinated.
What are some cold medicines for babies?
When a baby catches a cold, it indicates that the child has an acute upper respiratory infection, which is mostly caused by viral infections, with about 10% due to bacterial infections. Therefore, when a child catches a cold, it is crucial to ensure they rest adequately and take some cold medications. The commonly used cold medications primarily involve symptomatic treatments. For high fever, antipyretic analgesics can be administered, and physical cooling measures such as cold compresses may also be applied. When a child experiences febrile convulsions, sedatives and anticonvulsants should be given; for nasal congestion, topical medications can be applied to alleviate nasal congestion. If the child’s throat is uncomfortable, throat lozenges can be taken. For the common cold, antiviral drugs do not have a specialized therapeutic effect. Thus, drinking more water is advisable. If it is confirmed that the cold is caused by a bacterial infection, antibiotics should be administered under the guidance of a hospital doctor. (Note: This answer is for reference only. Medications should be administered under the guidance of a professional physician. Do not self-medicate.)