If a patient is diagnosed with an anal fistula, it must not be left untreated. If an anal fistula is not actively treated over a long period, it can easily lead to thickening of the fistula tract or an increase in branching. Moreover, after long-term repeated inflammatory stimulation, some fistula tracts are prone to malignant transformations. Therefore, it is recommended that patients with anal fistulas seek symptomatic treatment as soon as they are diagnosed. The primary method of treating anal fistulas is surgical. The main surgical approach for an anal fistula is fistulotomy with seton placement, which involves removing the local fistula tract wall while preserving the function of the patient's sphincter muscle. After the surgery, patients need to follow a light diet to avoid an increase in local secretions, which can lead to inflammatory stimulation and even the recurrence of the anal fistula.