What is the most accurate test for anal fistula?

Written by Yang Dong

Colorectal Surgery Department

Updated on September 28, 2024

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As a common disease in proctology, simple anal fistulas can be diagnosed through visual inspection and palpation. For high-positioned complex anal fistulas, which cannot be accurately assessed through just visual inspection and palpation, the use of instruments may be necessary. Currently, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is recommended as the most accurate method for evaluating anal fistulas, and it is considered the gold standard for examining the course of the fistula tract and the location of the infection.

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Written by Chen Tian Jing

Colorectal Surgery

52sec

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Can an anal fistula be left untreated for a lifetime?

If diagnosed with an anal fistula, one should not forego treatment indefinitely, as an anal fistula is a localized infectious disease of the anal region. Without active treatment, the infection may further spread, increase the number of fistula branches, and potentially induce a high, complex anal fistula. There is also a risk that the fistula and the infection might penetrate the local anal sphincter, reaching the ischioanal fossa and causing other infectious diseases. The primary treatment method for anal fistulas is surgical, mainly involving fistulotomy with seton placement, which thoroughly removes the local infection, allowing the anal fistula to heal. Neglecting active treatment could worsen the condition or increase the difficulty of future surgeries.

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Written by Chen Tian Jing

Colorectal Surgery

1min 6sec

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Can anal fistulas be left untreated indefinitely?

If a patient is diagnosed with an anal fistula, it must not be left untreated. If an anal fistula is not actively treated over a long period, it can easily lead to thickening of the fistula tract or an increase in branching. Moreover, after long-term repeated inflammatory stimulation, some fistula tracts are prone to malignant transformations. Therefore, it is recommended that patients with anal fistulas seek symptomatic treatment as soon as they are diagnosed. The primary method of treating anal fistulas is surgical. The main surgical approach for an anal fistula is fistulotomy with seton placement, which involves removing the local fistula tract wall while preserving the function of the patient's sphincter muscle. After the surgery, patients need to follow a light diet to avoid an increase in local secretions, which can lead to inflammatory stimulation and even the recurrence of the anal fistula.

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Written by Yu Xu Chao

Colorectal Surgery

1min 1sec

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Is an anal fistula close to the anus considered high or low position?

In general, anal fistulas close to the anus are considered low anal fistulas. Clinically, anal fistulas are classified as either high or low based on the levator ani muscle as the boundary. Those located above the levator ani muscle are considered high anal fistulas, while those below are considered low anal fistulas. Clinically, the treatment for anal fistulas primarily involves surgical intervention. Options include fistulectomy, which involves the removal of the internal opening and the fistula tract. Post-surgery care may include the use of anal cleansing agents, red oil gauze strips, and golden ointment for dressing changes to promote wound healing. It is important to maintain smooth bowel movements and consume a light diet. High, complex anal fistulas may easily damage the anal sphincter or even the anorectal ring, leading to fecal incontinence. Therefore, during surgery, the thread hanging method may be chosen to avoid excessive damage to the anal sphincter.

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Written by Chen Tian Jing

Colorectal Surgery

1min

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What to do about the false healing of anal fistula?

If a false healing of the wound occurs after local surgical excision of an anal fistula, it is mainly due to improper dressing changes by the patient and a lack of timely observation of the local wound. It is recommended to open the superficially healed wound to allow it to regrow. In particular, the patient needs to change the dressing and observe the wound daily to prevent the situation where the internal part of the wound has not healed, but the external opening appears healed. During dressing changes, hemorrhoid creams and other drugs that promote mucosal healing can also be applied locally and inside the anal canal to further promote the healing of the internal opening. Only when the internal opening has fully grown should treatment that promotes healing of the external opening be applied. (Please use medication under the guidance of a professional physician, and do not self-medicate.)

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Written by Yang Dong

Colorectal Surgery Department

31sec

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What is the most accurate test for anal fistula?

As a common disease in proctology, simple anal fistulas can be diagnosed through visual inspection and palpation. For high-positioned complex anal fistulas, which cannot be accurately assessed through just visual inspection and palpation, the use of instruments may be necessary. Currently, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is recommended as the most accurate method for evaluating anal fistulas, and it is considered the gold standard for examining the course of the fistula tract and the location of the infection.