Pleurisy is very common clinically and generally occurs in some males. It is mainly caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of the pleural cavity. Some patients with pleurisy may not have obvious effusion, leading to less severe symptoms. Such patients should be treated promptly with anti-tuberculosis drugs, and generally, this does not lead to serious consequences. If pleurisy is not treated effectively with medications, it might lead to a worsening of the condition, causing different amounts of effusion in the pleural cavity. In severe cases, it can cause respiratory difficulty and cyanosis. Therefore, even without effusion, pleurisy can potentially lead to serious consequences and should be treated promptly. Generally, it can be effectively and completely cured under normal circumstances.