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Shen Li Wen
Obstetrics and Gynecology
About me
Engaged in obstetrics and gynecology work for more than twenty years, serving as the deputy chief physician of the obstetrics and gynecology department. Familiar with the diagnosis and treatment of common and frequently-occurring diseases in obstetrics and gynecology.
Proficient in diseases
- Uterine fibroids, ovarian cysts, cervical cin lesions, HPV infection, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, gynecological inflammation. Report interpretation, pregnancy care, gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, breastfeeding, postpartum care and health.
Voices
Symptoms of cervical polyps
Most women with cervical polyps may not show any clinical symptoms. When the size or number of polyps increases, resulting in an enlarged surface area of columnar epithelium, the amount of secretion may increase, manifesting as thick and abundant vaginal discharge. When an infection coincides, the discharge can appear purulent. Due to the fragile texture of the polyp’s surface, it can easily bleed when touched, which is why some women might experience vaginal bleeding during gynecological examinations or after intercourse. In some women, cervical polyps are a manifestation of cervical cancer, which can then lead to uncontrollable vaginal bleeding and foul-smelling vaginal discharge. If it progresses to a late stage, signs of metastasis, such as cancer spreading to the bladder causing hematuria, may occur.
Can endometrial polyps be cured?
Women with endometrial polyps can be completely cured. First, endometrial polyps are benign lesions, which may be due to abnormally high levels of estrogen in women, leading to proliferative lesions. It is possible to completely remove the polyps through hysteroscopic endometrial polyp electrocision surgery. However, after surgery, some women may experience recurrence. To prevent this, periodic oral progestogen medication can also be administered to prevent recurrence. Some women may have endometrial inflammation, leading to the recurrence of endometrial polyps. In this case, broad-spectrum antibiotics can be used for anti-inflammatory treatment to prevent recurrence. (The use of drugs should be carried out under the guidance of a professional doctor.)
Are uterine polyps and endometrial cancer the same?
Endometrial polyps and endometrial cancer are different. First, both can be induced by hormonal imbalances in the body, but endometrial polyps may also involve inflammatory elements, leading to the formation of polyps. Additionally, the age of onset differs; endometrial polyps are more common in women of reproductive age, whereas endometrial cancer typically occurs after the age of 45. Furthermore, their clinical manifestations vary. Women with endometrial polyps mainly experience changes in menstrual cycles and infertility, and generally, endometrial polyps grow slowly. In contrast, women with endometrial cancer mainly experience abdominal pain, heavy vaginal discharge, or bleeding. In advanced stages, women may exhibit signs of cachexia. These two conditions can be differentiated through diagnostic curettage.
Can you get pregnant with menstrual disorder and amenorrhea?
When women experience menstrual disorders such as amenorrhea, most of them are unable to conceive. This is because the ovarian secretion of hormones is abnormal during this period, and there is an ovulation obstacle, usually resulting in the absence of eggs. Thus, sexual intercourse during this time generally does not lead to conception. However, a very small number of women may experience occasional ovulation during amenorrhea. If they have normal sexual relations without contraception during this time, conception could still occur. Nonetheless, many women have abnormal hormone levels during amenorrhea, so even if pregnancy occurs, the abnormal hormone levels in early pregnancy could lead to complications such as missed abortion and miscarriage. It is recommended that women who want to conceive should first undergo regular treatment to restore normal menstrual cycles and resume ovulation before actively trying to conceive.
How is uterine fibroid surgery performed?
When a woman has uterine fibroids, the surgical method should be decided based on the specific location, size, number of fibroids, age, and fertility requirements. If the uterine fibroid is relatively large, pretreatment can typically be carried out before the surgery. For example, using GNRHA-type drugs can reduce the size of uterine fibroids and lower the risk of surgery. Submucosal fibroids can be treated with hysteroscopic electroresection. Intramural or subserosal fibroids can be removed via laparoscopic surgery.
Will sexual intercourse cause bleeding in cases of uterine prolapse?
When women suffer from uterine prolapse, bleeding usually does not occur during intercourse. Bleeding only occurs in certain special circumstances, such as when a woman suffers from severe cervical erosion or acute cervical inflammation, where the cervical surface exhibits congestion and edema. Furthermore, some women with severe symptoms of uterine prolapse might have the cervix protruding outside the vaginal opening; the friction between the cervix and undergarments can lead to local ulcers, and even infections. In such cases, intercourse might cause bleeding from cervical trauma. Generally, the amount of bleeding is relatively small, which may manifest as blood streaks in vaginal discharge.
What should you pay attention to after the removal of a cervical polyp?
After undergoing cervical polyp removal surgery, women should first pay attention to the cleanliness of the perineum. It is advisable to abstain from sexual activity, tub baths, and swimming for a month to avoid causing infection of the surgical site. Additionally, it is important to observe the condition of vaginal discharge, such as the amount of vaginal bleeding, its duration, and whether there are any abnormal secretions. One month after the cervical polyp removal surgery, it is necessary to visit the hospital for a follow-up to check the healing of the surgical site. Since cervical polyps can recur easily, further check-ups should be conducted within six months to a year to monitor if there are any signs of recurrence of the cervical polyps.
Is it okay not to have surgery for cervical polyps?
When women have cervical polyps, surgical treatment is required regardless of the size of the polyps, and not undergoing surgery is not an option. Firstly, the texture of cervical polyps is relatively fragile, which can easily lead to bleeding upon contact, such as bleeding after intercourse. Some women with vaginal inflammation can infect the cervical polyps, leading to inflammatory secretions, such as purulent secretions or secretions containing blood. If cervical polyps are not surgically removed, they may continue to grow, and they have a characteristic of being multiple. For instance, the occurrence of multiple cervical polyps can also affect the normal menstrual cycle of women. Some women with cervical cancer or endometrial cancer can also present polyp-like growths, and from the appearance, it is not possible to distinguish whether the growths are malignant or benign. Therefore, generally, once cervical polyps are found, they should be surgically removed, and a histological examination should be performed after surgery to rule out the possibility of malignant changes.
Does endometritis require a uterine curettage?
When a woman suffers from endometritis, it is usually not necessary to perform a uterine curettage. Endometritis is a type of pelvic inflammatory disease caused by infection of various pathogens. Treatment mainly involves the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics for anti-inflammatory purposes. Moreover, if a woman undergoes curettage, it could further damage the uterine lining and potentially cause infections to spread to other areas, such as leading to inflammation of the uterine body. Therefore, curettage is generally not recommended. Some women may experience irregular vaginal bleeding during an episode of endometritis, and this can be treated with hemostatic drugs.
The difference between polycystic ovary syndrome and polycystic ovaries
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and polycystic ovaries are different. Firstly, polycystic ovaries are diagnosed through ultrasound, wherein more than 12 small follicles are found in both ovaries simultaneously under ultrasound guidance. This condition can occur in some normal women as well as women who have been taking short-acting birth control pills for a long time. In subsequent check-ups, this condition might not be detected. On the other hand, polycystic ovary syndrome is a disease represented by a cluster of clinical symptoms. For instance, women may experience infrequent ovulation, longer menstrual cycles, and it can also lead to infertility. There are also manifestations of increased androgen levels, such as increased body hair and facial acne. Polycystic ovary syndrome primarily affects a woman's normal fertility functions and thus requires treatment; whereas, polycystic ovaries usually just require observation.