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Zhou Qi
Nephrology
About me
An associate chief physician in the Nephrology Department of the People's Hospital of Ma'anshan City, with a Master's degree from a key medical university. Participated or led multiple projects funded by the Natural Science Foundation, and published nearly ten papers in Chinese and core journals.
Proficient in diseases
Glomerular diseases, diabetic nephropathy, lupus nephritis, blood purification.
Voices
How many days does the high fever last in pyelonephritis?
Pyelonephritis, also known as an upper urinary tract infection, indeed tends to cause fever in patients. Generally, this type of fever can rise sharply in a short period of time, potentially exceeding 39°C. The duration of the fever mainly depends on the patient's own resistance and the effectiveness of the medication. If sensitive antibiotics are used and the patient has strong immune capabilities, the bacteria can be killed or mostly eliminated in a short period of time. In such cases, the patient's high fever may gradually subside within three to five days. However, if the medication is ineffective, the fever may persist for an extended period, possibly lasting up to half a month or even a month. (The use of medications should be carried out under the guidance of a professional doctor.)
Can diabetic nephropathy be controlled?
The treatment of diabetic nephropathy is indeed a medical challenge currently. This disease is related to metabolic disorder, with factors such as high blood sugar state advanced glycation end products and oxidative stress contributing to the damage of the glomerular capillaries. Presently, there is no cure for this disease, nor is there a specific effective treatment. However, many patients have used certain treatments that can effectively delay the progression of the disease. Clinically, common measures include controlling blood sugar, blood pressure, and blood lipids. Additionally, combining the use of ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors can reduce the pressure within the renal corpuscles and lower urine protein levels.
Can diabetic nephropathy cause blood in urine?
Diabetes-induced kidney damage primarily affects the glomeruli, leading to hardening and narrowing of glomerular blood vessels. Clinically, this is manifested by proteinuria, starting with small amounts of urinary protein and progressively increasing to large amounts, ultimately causing renal failure. Generally, hematuria is rare during the course of diabetic nephropathy. If a patient with diabetic nephropathy experiences hematuria, and the cause is unexplained, it is generally recommended that the patient undergo procedures such as a kidney biopsy to further clarify the cause. It is possible that the patient may have other forms of glomerulonephritis, or an ultrasound of the urinary system should be performed to rule out common causes of blood in the urine, such as urinary system stones or tumors.
Is kidney cancer contagious?
Kidney cancer is not contagious; most kidney cancers originate from malignant tumors caused by renal tubular epithelial cells. The clinical symptoms of this type of kidney cancer mainly include hematuria and abdominal masses, which may also affect kidney function. Kidney cancer is mostly not associated with any pathogens, such as bacteria or viruses, hence there are no infectious causes for kidney cancer. Currently, the medical community does not have a clear understanding of the causes, which may be related to unhealthy lifestyle habits such as smoking, as well as genetic factors, obesity, hypertension, heavy metal poisoning, and other reasons. Since there are no pathogens involved, there is no contagion.
Can people with chronic renal failure drink alcohol?
Patients with chronic renal failure should avoid drinking alcohol, as modern medicine has proven that alcohol is harmful to the human body and only causes damage. It can affect various systems, including the nervous system, respiratory system, circulatory system, and the metabolic system. Although the liver is the primary site for metabolizing alcohol, the byproducts of alcohol metabolism are ultimately excreted through urine, which increases the burden on the kidneys. Therefore, for patients with renal failure, drinking alcohol may lead to further progression of kidney damage. Moreover, when drinking, patients might consume a lot of high-protein and high-fat foods, which are also harmful to those with chronic renal failure.
Can color Doppler ultrasound detect renal cancer?
As an imaging examination method, color Doppler ultrasound can examine the kidneys and detect signs of kidney diseases, including kidney cancer, but it cannot serve as a definitive basis for diagnosing kidney cancer. Color Doppler ultrasound observes the size, shape, structure, and other medical information of the examined organ. From this information, some clues indicating kidney cancer can be found. However, to confirm kidney cancer, a pathological diagnosis is often required. Pathological diagnosis involves performing a kidney biopsy or surgically removing a part of the kidney tissue for pathological examination to definitively determine the presence of kidney cancer. Thus, color Doppler ultrasound can only serve as a clue in the investigation of kidney cancer.
Can diabetic nephropathy with swollen feet be treated?
Patients with diabetic nephropathy who experience swelling in their feet often have significant amounts of protein in their urine or may have already developed renal failure. While there are ways to manage foot swelling, the fundamental issues may not be resolved. For swelling, diuretics can be used to increase urine output. If diuretics are ineffective, hemodialysis may be employed to ultrafiltrate and remove excess fluid from the body and alleviate swelling. However, these measures only address the symptoms on the surface. For patients with diabetic nephropathy, the underlying causes are due to diabetes, oxidative stress, and high blood sugar states, which damage the kidneys. Currently, there is no specific clinical treatment for these fundamental issues.
Can diabetic nephropathy cause blood in urine?
Generally speaking, diabetic nephropathy does not cause hematuria. The main site of damage in diabetic nephropathy is indeed the glomerulus. Prolonged hyperglycemia and metabolic disorders can lead to damage to the capillaries of the glomerulus. However, the main clinical characteristic of this damage is proteinuria, which causes glomerulosclerosis and may also lead to renal failure, but it is rare for patients to have red blood cells in their urine or to experience hematuria. Therefore, if a patient with diabetic nephropathy has visible hematuria, such as red or tea-colored urine, it is necessary to check for other causes beyond diabetes, such as urinary tract infections, urogenital system stones, tumors, etc., all of which can cause hematuria.
Which department to see for diabetic nephropathy?
In principle, patients with diabetic nephropathy should seek treatment in the nephrology department of a formal public hospital. Diabetes occurs when there is an absolute deficiency or relative insufficiency in insulin secretion, leading to a state characterized by high blood sugar and various metabolic waste disorders. Such a syndrome can cause damage to multiple organs. The kidneys are a major target organ for damage, and as kidney disease develops, patients may experience proteinuria and potentially progress to renal failure. Therefore, to treat and protect kidney function, it is advised that patients with diabetic nephropathy seek care in the nephrology department of a formal public hospital, where nephrologists can devise a more reasonable treatment plan.
early symptoms of chronic renal failure
Patients with chronic kidney failure often do not have any specific discomfort or noticeable symptoms in the early stages. However, some patients may exhibit clinical signs, such as edema, due to the kidneys' reduced ability to excrete water, or hypoproteinemia, which leads to a decrease in plasma colloid osmotic pressure, resulting in edema in the lower limbs or eyelids, and facial swelling. Patients may also experience visible blood in the urine, increased urinary foam, and chronic kidney failure often accompanies high blood pressure. Such patients may also suffer from mild renal anemia, hyperkalemia, and other clinical manifestations.