What is postpartum depression?

Written by Du Rui Xia
Obstetrics
Updated on September 23, 2024
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Postpartum depression is a psychological disorder affecting emotions, psychology, and the body, caused by a decline in physical constitution and poor mental state due to societal perspectives and excessive stress after childbirth. Mothers may experience anxiety, sadness, emotional indifference, weakness, a tendency to cry easily, and a loss of confidence and interest in life. These symptoms generally persist throughout the entire postpartum period. Mild cases of postpartum depression can be alleviated through daily life adjustments. More severe cases, however, require treatment at a formal medical institution, and it is crucial for family members to pay attention to psychological communication with the patient.

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Written by Pang Ji Cheng
Psychiatry and Psychology
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Is mild depression normal?

Patients with mild depression, although also experiencing symptoms such as low mood, decreased interest, reduced motivation, slow thinking, and reduced volition, may have difficulty falling asleep and frequently wake up during sleep, among other related symptoms. However, patients often retain most of their social functions, causing some disturbance to daily life and work. Through self-adjustment, standardized psychotherapy, and medication, patients often achieve good treatment outcomes. Sometimes, the symptoms of some patients are relatively mild, and they may appear normal outwardly, but their inner experience is indeed pathological. Therefore, it is still necessary to undertake standardized, systematic, and scientific treatment to achieve clinical recovery.

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Written by Pang Ji Cheng
Psychiatry and Psychology
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Is depression considered a mental illness?

Depression is clinically classified as a mental illness, specifically a type of mood disorder. Its main clinical manifestations include low mood, slow thought processes, reduced volitional activity, fatigue, lack of interest, lack of pleasure, often accompanied by sleep disturbances, changes in weight, changes in sexual desire, and low self-esteem. Patients often feel fatigued and dissatisfied throughout the day, and their attention may decline. They may experience feelings of guilt, worthlessness, futility, and despair. It is not uncommon for patients to have thoughts or behaviors of self-harm or suicide. Thus, depression is a mental disorder that requires systematic antidepressant treatment once diagnosed. Effective treatment outcomes can often be achieved through a combination of medication, psychotherapy, and physiotherapy.

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Written by Pang Ji Cheng
Psychiatry and Psychology
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How long does it take for depression to get better?

The treatment of depression is generally divided into three stages: acute phase treatment, continuation phase treatment, and maintenance phase treatment. The complete recovery from depression depends on the individual characteristics of the patient. The acute phase treatment usually lasts one to three months, mainly focusing on controlling the symptoms related to depression. Additionally, during the continuation phase treatment, the medication period generally lasts four to nine months, and its main goal is to maintain the stability of the patient's condition and prevent relapse of the disease. As for the maintenance phase treatment, the duration of treatment is to be determined. Typically, the duration is one to two years after the first onset, three to five years after the second onset, and for patients who have had more than three episodes, it is recommended to maintain a low-dose medication treatment to prevent recurrence of the disease.

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Written by Pang Ji Cheng
Psychiatry and Psychology
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Will mild depression get better?

Mild depression can achieve good therapeutic effects. Patients with mild depression may experience low mood, slow thinking, and decreased volition, but its severity is relatively mild. These patients primarily show lack of concentration, or slightly lower self-evaluation, and abnormalities in diet and sleep. Generally, the overall mental state of the patients is still relatively good. Therefore, in clinical practice, the main treatment for patients with mild depression is psychotherapy, especially cognitive behavioral therapy, to improve the patients' distorted and unreasonable cognition, ultimately leading to cognitive reconstruction and achieving good therapeutic effects. Antidepressant drugs can also be used for systematic treatment, such as serotonin reuptake inhibitors, which have an effective cure rate of over 85%.

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Written by Pang Ji Cheng
Psychiatry and Psychology
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Treatment of Depression

The treatment of depression in clinical settings primarily utilizes pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, and physical therapy. Pharmacotherapy, as the first-line treatment for depression, mainly relies on selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors such as paroxetine, fluoxetine, sertraline, escitalopram, venlafaxine, and duloxetine. Adequate dosages and treatment duration with a systematic approach are essential when using pharmacotherapy. Secondly, psychotherapy. The main psychotherapeutic approaches include cognitive-behavioral therapy, psychoanalytic therapy, and interpersonal therapy, which aim to improve the patient's irrational cognitions and rebuild their cognitive framework. Thirdly, physical therapy. In clinical practice, physical therapy mainly encompasses electroconvulsive therapy and transcranial magnetic stimulation, both of which can yield significant therapeutic outcomes. (Specific medications should be used under the guidance of a physician.)