How to treat thyroid cysts

Written by Zhao Xin Lan
Endocrinology
Updated on May 26, 2025
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The treatment of a thyroid cyst depends on its size and location. Generally, a thyroid cyst is a benign lesion that presents as a space-occupying lump at the Adam's apple. If the cyst is relatively large, it might cause local compression symptoms such as pain, difficulty swallowing, and a hoarse voice. If the tumor cyst is small, it might not show any obvious symptoms, in which case it can be monitored over time. If the cyst is larger than four centimeters and causes discomfort such as local compression symptoms, corresponding surgical treatment is needed, or minimally invasive procedures such as cyst fluid aspiration or microwave ablation of the cyst.

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Written by Zhao Xin Lan
Endocrinology
49sec home-news-image

Can thyroid cysts be treated with minimally invasive surgery?

When the cyst is smaller than 5cm, minimally invasive treatment can be used. Thyroid cysts are generally benign lesions and rarely become malignant. A thyroid cyst refers to a fluid-containing cystic structure in the thyroid, commonly known as a blister. This blister can be large or small, and is usually asymptomatic when small. For its treatment, when the cyst is smaller than 5cm, a minimally invasive procedure involving fine needle aspiration can be performed to withdraw fluid from the cyst, followed by the injection of anhydrous alcohol to close off the cyst cavity and prevent recurrence. However, if the cyst is larger than 5cm, surgical treatment is recommended for complete removal.

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Written by Zhao Xin Lan
Endocrinology
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Can people with thyroid cysts eat sea fish?

The exact cause of thyroid cysts is not very clear, but some scholars believe it is related to iodine metabolism. Therefore, in areas where iodine is particularly lacking or particularly abundant, the incidence of thyroid cysts tends to increase. Hence, the diet should avoid both too low and too high iodine intake. As for eating sea fish, occasional consumption should be acceptable. However, eating sea fish daily may lead to excessive iodine intake, potentially causing further development of the cysts.

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Written by Luo Juan
Endocrinology
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How to treat thyroid cystic tumors?

Thyroid cysts refer to fluid-filled sac-like formations or lumps found in the thyroid, generally round in shape, typically painless or only mildly painful, and move up and down with swallowing. Most are solitary nodules, with multiple nodules being less common. Most thyroid cysts do not exhibit obvious clinical symptoms unless the cyst is large or there is bleeding within the cyst, which may lead to symptoms of compression such as pain, difficulty swallowing, difficulty breathing, and hoarseness. Therefore, the treatment of thyroid cysts primarily involves understanding their nature. If a thyroid cyst is malignant, prompt surgical removal should be undertaken; if benign, generally it is sufficient to monitor the cyst through follow-up observations.

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Written by Zhao Xin Lan
Endocrinology
45sec home-news-image

How to treat thyroid cysts

The treatment of a thyroid cyst depends on its size and location. Generally, a thyroid cyst is a benign lesion that presents as a space-occupying lump at the Adam's apple. If the cyst is relatively large, it might cause local compression symptoms such as pain, difficulty swallowing, and a hoarse voice. If the tumor cyst is small, it might not show any obvious symptoms, in which case it can be monitored over time. If the cyst is larger than four centimeters and causes discomfort such as local compression symptoms, corresponding surgical treatment is needed, or minimally invasive procedures such as cyst fluid aspiration or microwave ablation of the cyst.

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Written by Chen Xie
Endocrinology
1min 14sec home-news-image

How should thyroid cysts be treated?

Thyroid cysts refer to fluid-containing sac-like formations found in the thyroid gland. For their treatment, thyroid cysts are a type of benign tumor of the thyroid. In imaging studies, if the nodule's diameter is less than one centimeter, it usually presents no clinical symptoms or signs. Regular follow-ups with thyroid ultrasonography and thyroid function tests are advised. If there is no trend of enlargement, continued observation without surgical intervention can be appropriate. However, if the nodule's diameter is greater than one centimeter, or if it is located on the surface of the thyroid, the local skin may show a protrusion or bulge, and the cyst may continue to grow, pressing on the trachea or even the esophagus, causing symptoms such as chest tightness, difficulty breathing, a feeling of swallowing, and obstruction. It is important to seek medical attention in a timely manner, undergo a fine needle aspiration biopsy if necessary, and surgical treatment may be required if needed.