Treatment methods for pigeon chest in children

Written by Luo Peng
Thoracic Surgery
Updated on September 01, 2024
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When discussing treatment methods for children with pectus carinatum, it's important to consider the severity of the condition. Generally, mild to moderate cases do not require special treatment. For children under 18, most can wear a chest orthosis to correct the condition. Many people achieve good results after wearing it. However, some severe cases of pectus carinatum may compress the heart and lungs, causing cardiopulmonary dysfunction, and surgical treatment should be considered. Current surgical methods for pectus carinatum are minimally invasive, and generally, patients recover well postoperatively. Therefore, the treatment method for pectus carinatum should be determined based on the actual situation.

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Written by Zhang Zhi Gong
Cardiothoracic Surgery
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Can moderate pigeon chest in children be corrected?

Can mild pectus carinatum in children be corrected? Pectus carinatum, commonly known as pigeon chest, is the second most common chest deformity encountered, after funnel chest. As the name suggests, pigeon chest refers to a protrusion of the sternum in the center, similar to the chest of a chicken or pigeon, where the sternum protrudes forward. This protrusion, to draw an analogy, is like a tree. This young sapling has already grown crooked. You cannot straighten it by fertilizing or any other means. Correction is only possible through procedures such as orthotic braces or compression, or more directly and effectively through surgical intervention. Surgery is the most straightforward and immediately impactful treatment method.

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Written by Li Jiao Yan
Neonatology
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What should be done about pigeon chest in children?

Childhood pigeon chest, also known as rickets, is caused by a deficiency in Vitamin D or calcium, leading to bone development issues. If pigeon chest is suspected, it is advised to visit a hospital for a detailed examination and receive treatment accordingly. If the pigeon chest is quite pronounced and there is significant deformity of the chest wall, rehabilitation or correction can be sought in relevant medical departments. Rickets is typically active before the age of 3, and stabilizes after this age. Treatment primarily focuses on addressing rickets in cases identified before the age of 3, and correcting deformities in cases identified afterwards.

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Written by Li Jiao Yan
Neonatology
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How to correct pigeon chest

Pectus carinatum, commonly known as pigeon chest, is a frequent chest wall deformity characterized by a protrusion of the sternum and ribs. It is generally considered to be related to genetics, with most cases thought to be caused by the excessive growth of the ribs and costal cartilages. The skeletal deformation is secondary to the abnormalities in the ribs. Vitamin D deficiency rickets can also lead to the development of pigeon chest. If there is no significant deformation of the chest wall, and only a mild deformity is present, rehabilitative treatment can be effective. Rehabilitation departments offer standard recovery treatments that can be beneficial. Severe cases of pigeon chest may require surgical correction, ideally during adolescence for moderate to severe conditions. Therefore, if a child has pigeon chest, it is recommended to seek medical advice at a hospital, where doctors can determine the treatment approach based on the specific conditions of the child.

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Written by Zhang Zhi Gong
Cardiothoracic Surgery
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Difference between funnel chest and pigeon chest

Pectus excavatum and pectus carinatum are both types of deformities of the anterior chest wall, with pectus excavatum being the most common deformity, accounting for 90% of all anterior chest wall deformities; the incidence of pectus carinatum is only one-fifth to one-sixth of that of pectus excavatum. The shapes of pectus excavatum and pectus carinatum are also completely different. Pectus excavatum appears as if a funnel were placed on the chest, with the funnel receding backward and downward. Therefore, patients with pectus excavatum, when lying down, can observe a depression in the front of their chest, which is even capable of holding a cup of water placed within this funnel-like depression. On the other hand, the deformity in pectus carinatum protrudes forward. One caves inward while the other protrudes forward, thus these two shapes are completely opposite.

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Written by Zhang Zhi Gong
Cardiothoracic Surgery
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The differences between funnel chest and pigeon chest

Pectus excavatum and pectus carinatum are both types of chest wall deformities. Pectus excavatum is the most common form of chest wall deformity, accounting for over 90% of all anterior chest wall deformities, whereas pectus carinatum occurs much less frequently, roughly one-fifth the incidence of pectus excavatum. The main and most apparent difference is that, as the name suggests, pectus excavatum looks as if a funnel were placed in the chest, with the funnel pointing downwards and backwards. Thus, in patients or children with pectus excavatum, the sternum is indented inward and backward, pressing directly towards the spine. This indentation can compress the heart and lungs, potentially distorting and even displacing the heart to one side. In contrast, pectus carinatum involves the sternum protruding outward, resembling the chest of a chicken or a pigeon. Pectus excavatum is characterized by a backward indentation, while pectus carinatum protrudes forward—this is the most direct distinction.