symptoms of obesity

Written by Luo Juan
Endocrinology
Updated on September 03, 2024
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Regarding the symptoms of obesity, they vary with the type of disease. For example, in secondary cases, there are clinical manifestations of the primary disease. For instance, obesity caused by hypothyroidism may also present with fatigue, poor appetite, dry skin, etc. Some people have obesity due to insulinoma or recurrent hypoglycemia, leading to repeated eating. The clinical manifestations also include symptoms of hypoglycemia such as palpitations, trembling hands, sweating, and a sense of hunger. If it is a case of simple obesity, generally, men primarily show an apple-shaped obesity, with fat accumulated mainly above the waist. In contrast, women exhibit a pear-shaped obesity, with fat accumulation below the waist, such as in the lower abdomen, buttocks, and thighs. Of course, related to obesity, there are also manifestations of cardiovascular diseases, high blood pressure, diabetes, etc. Some people with obesity may also experience sleep apnea syndrome, venous thrombosis, and so on. Studies suggest that the incidence of malignant tumors is also higher in patients with obesity. Because patients with long-term obesity carry excess weight for a long period, they may experience lower back pain, joint pain, swelling, and are more prone to abrasion or combined fungal or purulent infections in the folds of the skin. Therefore, the clinical manifestations of obesity vary according to the cause of the disease.

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Written by Zhao Xin Lan
Endocrinology
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Is it difficult for people with obesity to get pregnant?

Patients with obesity, especially women with excessive abdominal fat, often experience disrupted hormonal balance due to altered levels of circulating sex hormones. This frequently leads to ovulatory abnormalities and excess androgens, often accompanied by reproductive dysfunction. As a result, such conditions manifest as difficulty in conceiving, and are commonly associated with menstrual irregularities, amenorrhea, and infertility. Some patients may also develop polycystic ovary syndrome. Even in pregnant obese women, the risks of diabetes and hypertension increase, as do the risks of complications during childbirth and congenital abnormalities in their infants. Therefore, it is crucial for women of childbearing age to maintain a normal weight.

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Written by Luo Juan
Endocrinology
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Obesity is classified as a disease.

Obesity is a clinical syndrome characterized by a body mass index (BMI) exceeding normal levels. Generally, obesity with an unclear cause is called simple obesity, or primary obesity, while obesity with a known cause is called secondary obesity. In China, the standards for BMI are as follows: a normal BMI is below 24 kg/m². Being overweight is defined as having a BMI greater than 24 kg/m², mild obesity is greater than 26 kg/m², moderate obesity is greater than 28 kg/m², and severe obesity is greater than 30 kg/m². Therefore, obesity is a metabolic clinical syndrome.

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Written by Tang Zhuo
Endocrinology
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What is obesity?

Obesity is a common group of metabolic syndromes, which occurs when the caloric intake of a human body exceeds its caloric expenditure. The excess calories are then stored in the body in the form of fat. When this amount exceeds normal physiological needs and reaches a certain value, it evolves into obesity. There are many methods for assessing obesity, including anthropometry, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, ultrasound, CT, infrared sensing valves, and others. Obesity without a clear pathological cause is referred to as simple obesity, while obesity with a defined pathological cause is referred to as secondary obesity. The causes of obesity are of two types: one is primarily due to excessive diet and insufficient activity, where caloric intake exceeds caloric expenditure; the other is obesity caused by disorders of fat metabolism.

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Written by Zhao Xin Lan
Endocrinology
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What department should I go to for obesity?

Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease that belongs to the field of endocrinology, so the first choice for early-stage obesity is to see an endocrinologist. Some hospitals also have specialized weight management departments, which are also an option for consultation. When obesity is accompanied by other serious comorbid conditions, such as coronary heart disease or heart failure, in addition to seeing an endocrinologist, it is also necessary to visit the cardiology department. If there is concomitant osteoarthritis, a visit to the orthopedics department is needed. Women suffering from menstrual irregularities or infertility should consult with a gynecologist. In summary, obesity is a disease that can cause multiple metabolic abnormalities and damage multiple systems, requiring early prevention and treatment.

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Written by Li Lang Bo
Endocrinology
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What are the dietary restrictions for obesity?

If it's obesity, it means a body mass index (BMI) greater than 28. In terms of dietary restrictions for obesity, the general principles are low salt and low fat. First and foremost, intake of fats should be limited, including both the cooking oils and foods consumed. Preference should be given to vegetable oils, and consumption of animal fats should be minimized. Even with vegetable oils, there is a limit to how much should be used, as excessive amounts can also exceed health standards. Furthermore, one should eat less fast food and junk food, such as various fried foods or those containing excessive seasonings, and these foods should be consumed minimally. There are also "invisible" fats to consider, such as those found in nut snacks and various small packaged snacks like peanuts and fried beans, which are very high in calories and should be consumed less. Additionally, sugary drinks like iced tea and pear syrup drinks should be avoided. The overall principle is a low-calorie diet, avoiding high-calorie foods.