How is endometriosis diagnosed?

Written by Shen Li Wen
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Updated on April 17, 2025
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The gold standard for diagnosing endometriosis in women is laparoscopy. Under laparoscopy, the lesions of endometriosis can be clearly seen, the severity of the condition is understood, and it can also serve as a surgical treatment. However, generally speaking, this method of examination tends to be relatively expensive, so other methods are usually used for a comprehensive evaluation. For example, understanding the normal menstrual cycle, the duration of menstruation, and the presence or absence of dysmenorrhea. In addition, some related auxiliary examinations, such as vaginal ultrasound, can be combined to check for any abnormal cysts on the ovaries and the echo characteristics of the cyst content. Blood tests for CA125 can also aid in the diagnosis if a significant increase is observed.

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Written by Yue Hua
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Consequences of Endometriosis

The consequences of endometriosis primarily include abnormal menstruation and infertility, with about 50% of those affected experiencing infertility. The reasons for this stem from the abnormal pelvic structures caused by endometriosis, as well as extensive adhesions of the fallopian tubes and ovaries, and abnormal motility of the fallopian tubes, all of which lead to reduced functions in transporting sperm and eggs. Furthermore, changes in the microenvironment within the pelvis also lead to infertility. Abnormal menstruation is mainly characterized by an increased amount of menstrual flow and prolonged menstrual periods, which can easily lead to anemia in patients.

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Written by Zhang Lu
Obstetrics
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Is it easy to get pregnant with endometriosis?

Endometriosis, which has a relatively high incidence among women, refers to the condition where the endometrial tissue is located outside the uterine cavity. This condition can easily lead to infertility. Although endometriosis is a benign disease, it exhibits characteristics similar to those of malignant diseases, primarily manifesting as local infiltration that causes adhesions and can disrupt the function of the fallopian tubes and ovaries. First, it can lead to the presence of chocolate cysts on the ovaries, which can affect the ovulation function of the ovaries. Second, it can sometimes cause adhesions in the fallopian tubes or pelvic adhesions, affecting the egg-pickup function of the fallopian tubes. This prevents sperm and eggs from fertilizing within the fallopian tubes. Even if fertilization occurs, the impaired function of the fallopian tubes may also lead to an increased risk of ectopic pregnancy.

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Written by Zhang Hui
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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How many days does the pain from endometriosis last?

Endometriosis refers to the condition where active endometrial cells implant outside the uterine lining. It is a relatively common gynecological disease. Pain usually begins one to two days before menstruation starts, is most severe on the first day of menstruation, and gradually lessens thereafter. The pain generally persists throughout the menstrual period. It is advised that patients with endometriosis seek timely treatment under the guidance of a clinical doctor, based on their individual conditions, to prevent the progression of the disease and serious health consequences.

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Written by Shen Li Wen
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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How is endometriosis diagnosed?

The gold standard for diagnosing endometriosis in women is laparoscopy. Under laparoscopy, the lesions of endometriosis can be clearly seen, the severity of the condition is understood, and it can also serve as a surgical treatment. However, generally speaking, this method of examination tends to be relatively expensive, so other methods are usually used for a comprehensive evaluation. For example, understanding the normal menstrual cycle, the duration of menstruation, and the presence or absence of dysmenorrhea. In addition, some related auxiliary examinations, such as vaginal ultrasound, can be combined to check for any abnormal cysts on the ovaries and the echo characteristics of the cyst content. Blood tests for CA125 can also aid in the diagnosis if a significant increase is observed.

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Written by Li Shun Hua
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Endometriosis characteristics

The main characteristic of endometriosis is painful menstruation, and in severe cases, it can lead to heavy periods and prolonged menstrual cycles. If endometriosis leads to the formation of ovarian chocolate cysts, the rupture of these cysts can cause severe abdominal pain. Moreover, endometriosis can easily lead to pelvic adhesions, which are a common cause of infertility. If the condition is severe, abdominal pain may also occur after the menstrual period has ended. In the case of adenomyosis, the symptoms include an enlarged uterine body, heavy periods, and prolonged menstrual cycles. If the condition is severe, then surgical treatment may be necessary.