Can gallbladder cancer be detected by ultrasound?

Written by Shen Jiang Chao
Radiology
Updated on September 15, 2024
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Gallbladder cancer can also be detected by ultrasound, which is the preferred imaging method for diagnosing hepatobiliary diseases. Ultrasound can detect space-occupying lesions in hepatobiliary diseases early on. It is sensitive enough to detect lesions as small as one centimeter, or even a few millimeters. In the case of space-occupying lesions of the gallbladder, particularly gallbladder cancer, there are no particularly obvious signals on ultrasound. Ultrasound of the gallbladder is merely used as a screening tool, not as a definitive diagnostic method. If gallbladder cancer is suspected, further investigations such as MRI or enhanced CT are generally required, but the final diagnosis still relies on pathology.

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Written by Liu Wu Cai
Hepatobiliary Surgery
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Can gallbladder cancer be detected by cancer embryonic antigen test?

The use of cancer embryo antigen in patients with gallbladder cancer has certain reference value, but it is not absolute. Patients with gallbladder cancer typically show a significant increase in embryonic antigen. Gallbladder cancer is difficult to diagnose early as it generally does not show specific symptoms. Some patients may experience mild discomfort in the upper right abdomen, but this is often overlooked or misdiagnosed as other diseases, such as chronic gastritis. Therefore, once diagnosed with gallbladder cancer, it is usually already at a middle to late stage. Although the cancer embryo antigen in tumor marker tests of gallbladder cancer patients can be elevated, this is not absolute. Therefore, when discomfort in the upper right abdomen occurs, further comprehensive examinations like color ultrasound, CT, and other related tests are necessary to differentiate it.

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Written by Shen Jiang Chao
Radiology
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Gallbladder cancer ultrasonographic appearance

The appearance of gallbladder cancer on color ultrasound depends on the morphology of the cancer, which is mainly divided into five types: small nodular, thick-wall, fragmented, calculous, and mixed type. The small nodular type mainly features a polypoid elevation with a wide base, about 1-1.2 cm in size, and has isoechoic characteristics. The fragmented type is characterized by a wider base and irregular borders, presenting as hypoechoic or isoechoic masses. The calculous type shows an enlarged gallbladder, possibly containing hypoechoic and uneven solid masses that may fill the entire gallbladder. The thick-wall type primarily involves localized or diffuse thickening of the wall. The mixed type is a combination of papillary fragmented type and thick-wall type presence.

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Written by Liu Wu Cai
Hepatobiliary Surgery
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What foods to eat for late-stage gallbladder cancer?

Patients with advanced liver cancer will experience metastasis to other parts of the body, presenting corresponding clinical symptoms that affect the quality of life. Furthermore, patients with advanced liver cancer often exhibit significant weight loss and cachexia, commonly accompanied by hypoalbuminemia. Therefore, for patients with advanced gallbladder cancer, it is advisable to include a diet rich in high-protein foods, which can help replenish the proteins needed by the body, such as albumin, and improve the patient's immunity. It is beneficial to eat fresh vegetables, fruits, as well as lean meats, eggs, and fish, to address these symptoms appropriately. At the same time, for patients with advanced gallbladder cancer, it is important to avoid spicy and irritating foods, as well as foods that are difficult to digest, because these can increase the burden on the gallbladder, exacerbating the condition and impeding treatment. Hence, this should be given careful consideration.

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Written by Liu Wu Cai
Hepatobiliary Surgery
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Can people with gallbladder cancer eat dragon fruit?

Patients with gallbladder cancer can eat dragon fruit. Dragon fruit is a type of fruit that is rich in vitamins and trace elements, which can be beneficial for recovery. It can help reduce inflammatory irritation and prevent the condition from worsening. Additionally, the diet for patients with gallbladder cancer should be light, primarily consisting of fresh vegetables and fruits. However, spicy and irritating foods should be avoided to reduce inflammation. It is also appropriate to supplement the diet with protein-rich foods, such as eggs, lean meats, and fish, to replenish the proteins needed by the body, enhance the patient's resistance, and facilitate recovery from the illness.

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Written by Shen Jiang Chao
Radiology
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The main manifestations of gallbladder cancer on MRI

Gallbladder cancer is more common in females and is generally believed to be associated with chronic stimulation from chronic cholecystitis and gallstones. On MRI, gallbladder cancer can be categorized into several types based on case classification and growth patterns: first, the infiltrative type; second, the nodular type; third, the mass-forming type; and fourth, the obstructive type. Regardless of the pathological type of gallbladder cancer, the tumor tissue appears as a heterogeneous low signal on T1 and a heterogeneous high signal on T2. After enhancement, the tumor shows heterogeneous enhancement. If there is invasion into the liver, the boundary with liver tissue is unclear. MRI has significant advantages in assessing invasion of adjacent organs and metastasis, and can provide great value for surgery or treatment planning.