How to check for nasopharyngeal carcinoma?

Written by Deng Bang Yu
Otolaryngology
Updated on August 31, 2024
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Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a malignant tumor in the nasal area, clinically mainly squamous cell carcinoma. The incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is relatively high in southern regions of our country. Clinically, the primary treatment is radiotherapy. For diagnosis, the first general step involves using an electronic nasopharyngoscope to examine the nasopharyngeal area for suspicious conditions. Further imaging studies can also be conducted, such as CT scans and MRI scans of the nasopharyngeal area. Through these examinations, if a neoplasm in the nasal area is essentially identified and suspected to be nasopharyngeal carcinoma, an endoscopic examination is conducted where forceps are used to clip tissue for a pathological biopsy. The pathological biopsy determines whether it is definitively nasopharyngeal carcinoma and identifies the type of cancer cells, thus guiding clinical treatment.

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Can nasopharyngeal carcinoma be cured?

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma cannot be completely cured, as it is a malignant tumor, and malignant tumors cannot be completely cured worldwide. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma refers to the malignant tumors that occur at the top or lateral walls of the nasopharynx. The common clinical cause is viral infection, most commonly associated with the Epstein-Barr virus, causing dryness, pain, and itching in the nasopharynx, along with backflow, blood in sputum, and swollen lymph nodes in the neck. Patients need to undergo a detailed examination with an electronic nasopharyngoscope and a CT scan of the nasopharynx for diagnosis. If an abnormal neoplasm is found, local pathological treatment is required. Once confirmed as malignant, local radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and surgical treatment are also needed. After surgery, patients need to undergo regular follow-up examinations, and further treatment may be required if abnormal proliferation is found.

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Treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Nasopharyngeal cancer is a relatively common type of malignant tumor in the head and neck area. The most commonly used treatment method is primarily radiotherapy, and some patients also need to combine chemotherapy. Overall, most patients can be controlled and relieved after comprehensive treatment with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Existing clinical evidence shows that for recurrent nasopharyngeal cancer, some patients may consider surgical treatment. However, the indications for surgery are quite narrow and can only be carried out in top hospitals. Therefore, a comprehensive assessment is necessary before further determination and implementation can be considered.

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Can nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients eat durian?

Patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma can eat durian, which is a common fruit. Durian has no side effects on the condition of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and does not affect the treatment efficacy. For patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, it is recommended to have a light diet, consume high-protein and low-fat foods, and eat more vegetables and fruits. In terms of treatment, radiation therapy is commonly used at present. Some patients may also need to combine chemotherapy. During the treatment process, regular check-ups are necessary to observe the recovery of the condition. If it is an early-stage lesion, the treatment effect is relatively good. If it is a mid-to-late stage lesion, the overall treatment is more challenging, and the effects may also be poorer.

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What causes nasopharyngeal carcinoma?

The specific cause of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, a type of malignant tumor, is currently unclear, but it is considered to be related to some high-risk factors that may lead to the occurrence of nasopharyngeal cancer. Firstly, there are cases of EB virus infections in the nasopharyngeal area. The long-term stimulation of the nasopharyngeal mucosa by this virus leads to hyperplasia of the mucosa, which can become malignant and eventually form nasopharyngeal cancer. Additionally, some clinical studies suggest that the occurrence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is related to genetic factors, indicating a genetic predisposition to nasopharyngeal carcinoma, which leads to its development. Furthermore, some considerations involve external carcinogenic factors affecting the nasopharyngeal area, such as long-term smoking or environmental air pollution, which can also lead to a high incidence of nasopharyngeal cancer.

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What is nasopharyngeal carcinoma?

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a relatively common malignant tumor in the nasopharyngeal area, and the main pathological type is predominantly squamous carcinoma, most of which are poorly differentiated squamous carcinomas, constituting the most common malignant tumor in the nasopharyngeal area. Currently, the primary treatment option is radiotherapy, which is the most important; some patients may need to consider concurrent or adjuvant chemotherapy. If drug and radiotherapy treatments are ineffective, or if there is cervical lymph node metastasis, and for some patients where chemoradiotherapy fails with residual lesions, surgery may be considered. However, currently, the surgical treatment approach is generally not very mature and is somewhat controversial, thus it requires treatment at major hospitals.