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Zhang Jun
Otolaryngology
About me
Engaged in the field of otolaryngology for ten years, pursued further training at the Second Hospital of Harbin Medical University, under the tutelage of Professor Jin Dejun.
Proficient in diseases
Rhinitis, sinusitis, nasal hypertrophy, nasal polyps, acute and chronic pharyngitis, acute and chronic tonsillitis, epiglottitis, laryngitis, vocal cord nodules, vocal cord polyps, laryngeal tumors.
Voices
Can adenoid hypertrophy be cured?
Adenoid hypertrophy is curable. It is mainly divided into acute and chronic types. Acute adenoid hypertrophy is mostly secondary to acute rhinitis and sinusitis. It is caused by the invasion of Staphylococcus aureus or hemolytic streptococcus, leading to acute congestion and edema of the gland. Symptoms include nasal congestion, snoring, tinnitus, and hearing loss. During the acute phase, patients need symptomatic anti-inflammatory treatment, and oral or intravenous antibiotic therapy is effective. However, if the patient's adenoid hypertrophy is due to chronic recurrent inflammation, conservative treatment becomes ineffective. In such cases, adenoidectomy under plasma may be necessary. This surgery requires hospitalization, general anesthesia, and postoperative antibiotics to prevent local infection. Recovery and discharge can typically occur about one week after surgery. After recovery, patients should avoid catching colds to prevent the recurrence of adenoid hypertrophy. (The use of medications should be under the guidance of a doctor.)
Can nasal turbinates enlargement cause a fever?
Enlarged nasal turbinates do not cause fever. Enlarged nasal turbinates only lead to persistent nasal congestion in patients, accompanied by sensations of foreign bodies and swelling in the nasal cavity. Mucous nasal discharge can appear in the nasal cavity due to enlarged turbinates. Generally, this is caused by chronic inflammatory stimulation and chronic allergic reactions, commonly seen in clinical cases of chronic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis. A detailed examination at a hospital using an endoscopic nasal camera can reveal bilateral inferior turbinate diffuse congestion, edema, and hyperplasia, which cause persistent nasal congestion. In terms of treatment, if it is allergic rhinitis, symptomatic antiallergic treatment is needed, such as oral administration of loratadine, and the concurrent use of mometasone furoate nasal spray has good effects in reducing the size of the nasal turbinates. If it is chronic simple rhinitis, nasal nebulization can be used, and physical exercise is also necessary to restore the function of the nasal turbinate mucosa for gradual improvement.
Can nasal polyps cause breathing difficulties?
Nasal polyps can cause breathing difficulties in patients. They primarily lead to persistent nasal congestion, which in turn causes breathing difficulties. Nasal polyps are benign tumors in the nasal cavity. They are directly related to prolonged chronic inflammation, recurrent episodes of allergic rhinitis, and are manifestations of congested, edematous, and proliferative nasal turbinates mucosa that eventually prolapse. This condition causes persistent bilateral nasal congestion in patients, who may also experience facial swelling, pain, and headaches. If a local infection and rupture occur, it could lead to nasal bleeding, necessitating a detailed examination at a hospital. Diagnoses can be confirmed through an endoscopic nasal examination and sinus CT scans. For treatment, nasal polyps require surgical removal, which can be curative. Additionally, regular follow-up examinations are necessary after surgery to prevent recurrence.
How to take care of vocal cord polyps in daily life?
Vocal cord polyps are primarily caused by improper voice use, shouting loudly, and excessive fatigue, leading to vocal cord lesions. They cause persistent hoarseness in patients and progressively worsen. Vocal cord polyps generally occur on one side. If a patient experiences persistent hoarseness, they should first visit a hospital for an examination using a laryngoscope. In the anterior-middle third of one vocal cord, a pale white or pale red, smooth-surfaced abnormal neoplasm will be found. This causes incomplete closure of the vocal cords and results in hoarseness. For treatment, vocal cord polyps require the removal through endoscopic support with a laryngoscope. Surgery requires hospitalization, and complete vocal rest for a week post-surgery, along with speaking softly and eating a bland diet, can gradually improve the condition and prevent recurrent episodes.
Can nasal turbinates hypertrophy be completely cured?
Enlargement of the nasal turbinates can be completely cured. Nasal turbinate hypertrophy is a clinical manifestation, not a disease itself. There are many causes of turbinate hypertrophy in clinical practice, with the most common being chronic hypertrophic rhinitis. Chronic hypertrophic rhinitis is characterized by repetitive attacks of simple rhinitis causing bilateral inferior turbinate diffuse congestion, edema, and hyperplasia. Patients experience persistent bilateral nasal congestion that progressively worsens. Additionally, mucous-like secretions may appear in the nasal cavity; patients may also feel a foreign body sensation in the nose, facial distension, pain, headaches, reduced sense of smell, and memory decline. Examination with an electronic nasal endoscope reveals significant congestion and edema of the bilateral inferior turbinates, sometimes showing mulberry-like changes. Treatment involves partial resection of the bilateral inferior turbinates, which can completely cure the condition.
Can vocal cord polyps become cancerous a second time?
Secondary surgery for vocal cord polyps is associated with the possibility of malignant changes. Vocal cord polyps are caused by improper long-term vocal usage, fatigue from overuse, shouting loudly, smoking, drinking, and irritation from acid reflux, leading to vocal cord lesions. It causes the patient to have persistent hoarseness of voice, which progressively worsens. Examination with an electronic laryngoscope may reveal a pale white or pale red abnormal neoplasm at the anterior middle third of the unilateral vocal cord. This can lead to incomplete closure of the glottis, resulting in hoarseness of voice. In terms of treatment, medicating vocal cord polyps is ineffective, and the patient must undergo a polypectomy under suspension laryngoscopy. The surgery requires hospitalization and general anesthesia, and the patient can usually recover and be discharged within about a week. After discharge, the patient needs to speak softly and infrequently, follow a bland diet, and abstain from smoking and drinking to prevent recurrence. If recurrences occur, the vocal cord polyps may have the potential to turn cancerous.
Throat inflammation: injections or medication?
For laryngitis, it is best to undergo infusion therapy. Acute laryngitis is an otolaryngology emergency, commonly occurring in infants and toddlers because their pharyngeal mucosa is relatively loose. Once infected by bacteria or viruses, it can cause sudden high fever with temperatures above 38℃ (100.4°F), as well as hoarseness and breathing difficulties. In severe cases, it may lead to asphyxiation or even death. Examination with an electronic laryngoscope can reveal significant hyperemia and edema in the pharyngeal mucosa, especially severe around the bilateral vocal cord arytenoid areas, leading to incomplete glottis closure. Under such circumstances, it is best to use antibiotics, such as cephalosporin antibiotics, and the patient should undergo infusion therapy. Additionally, it is advisable to use corticosteroids to reduce local mucosal congestion and edema. A light diet should be maintained during treatment, closely monitoring the patient’s breathing. If breathing difficulties arise, a tracheotomy may be necessary.
How to deal with allergic rhinitis?
Allergic rhinitis occurs due to reduced immunity and resistance when the nasal cavity inhales relevant allergens. Allergens may include dust, pollen, mites, and the direct stimulation of cold and warm air, leading to symptoms in patients such as bilateral nasal congestion, paroxysmal sneezing and nasal discharge after waking. Upon examination, bilateral pale, swollen inferior turbinates can be found, and the prick test is positive. In terms of treatment, patients first need to visit a hospital to check for allergens and identify the substances they are allergic to, while also avoiding these allergens as much as possible and wearing masks. During the acute phase, patients also need to take some anti-allergy medications orally. When the patient moves past the acute phase and enters the remission phase, it is necessary to exercise to enhance their immunity and resistance, which gradually leads to the recovery from allergic rhinitis. (The use of medication should be under the guidance of a doctor.)
Does throat cancer cause coughing?
Throat cancer can cause patients to experience an irritating cough. Throat cancer refers to malignant tumors in the pharynx and throat area. Generally, it occurs in elderly male patients, as the primary cause of throat cancer is typically due to long-term smoking, alcohol consumption, and the irritation from spicy diets leading to cellular degeneration in the throat area, which then triggers symptoms of throat cancer. Patients with throat cancer may experience hoarseness, irritating cough, and difficulty swallowing. In severe cases, they may also experience difficulty breathing. During an examination with an electronic laryngoscope, cauliflower-like neoplasms or large ulcers may be found in any part of the pharynx and throat. In such cases, a local biopsy is needed. If the biopsy confirms a malignant tumor, initial treatment generally involves local surgery followed by the relevant radiotherapy and chemotherapy to prolong life.
Can people with vocal cord polyps eat fish?
Vocal cord polyps can be consumed without any issues. Vocal cord polyps are abnormalities on the vocal cords that are usually caused by improper voice use, shouting loudly, or excessive fatigue over a long period. Typically, the condition affects one side of the vocal cords and leads to persistent hoarseness in the patient. If a patient experiences continuous hoarseness without signs of improvement, an electronic laryngoscopy is first required. Generally, a smooth, pale white abnormal growth can be found on the anterior middle third of one vocal cord, leading to incomplete closure of the glottis and resulting in hoarseness. In terms of treatment, the removal of vocal cord polyps requires a type of supporting laryngoscopy surgery, which necessitates hospitalization and general anesthesia. Post-surgery, antibiotics are used to prevent local infection. Furthermore, complete vocal rest is necessary for one week post-surgery before gradual recovery can occur. (Please follow the guidance of a professional physician when using medication and do not self-medicate.)