Is an adnexal cyst the same as an ovarian cyst?

Written by Liu Jian Wei
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Updated on September 08, 2024
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Adnexa clinically refers to the fallopian tubes and ovaries combined, thus, adnexal cysts are not necessarily ovarian cysts. During gynecological ultrasound, these are often reported as cysts in the adnexal area because the proximity of the ovaries and fallopian tubes makes it difficult to conclusively determine if an adnexal cyst is an ovarian cyst. Clinically, cysts in the fallopian tubes are also referred to as cysts in the adnexal area. Distinguishing them often requires surgery to see the exact location of the cyst for identification.

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Written by Xia Hu
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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How to check for ovarian cysts?

There are two methods for examining ovarian cysts. Firstly, through a gynecological examination, especially in cases of sexual activity, a bimanual examination can be conducted. Under bimanual examination, a mass in one of the adnexal areas can be palpated, where the nature of the mass such as whether its boundaries are clear can be observed, as well as checking for tenderness. This allows for the examination of ovarian cysts. Another method involves an ultrasound. Generally, if performing an abdominal ultrasound, it is necessary to hold urine to view the ovaries clearly. If performing a vaginal ultrasound, especially in cases of sexual activity, this can be chosen; thus, the ultrasound can provide a clearer view. It is closer to the uterus and ovaries, and thus under ultrasound, the masses in the ovaries can be detected. Therefore, both of these methods are viable.

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Written by Xia Hu
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Ovarian cysts have no symptoms

Many ovarian cysts are asymptomatic, generally detected during physical examinations or gynecological assessments, sometimes palpable as masses. An ultrasound can confirm the diagnosis by assessing the size of the mass near the adnexa, as well as the location and characteristics of the cyst. Often after an ultrasound, it may also be necessary to check for ovarian tumor markers. This is because ultrasound may reveal mixed masses that could potentially be malignant. If tumor markers are normal, not elevated, the likelihood of malignancy is low. If an ovarian cyst is discovered, regular check-ups are necessary, typically involving ultrasound examinations as many individuals display no obvious symptoms.

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Written by Li Shun Hua
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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How to treat ovarian cysts?

The majority of ovarian cysts are physiological. If an ovarian cyst is detected for the first time during an ultrasound, it can be observed temporarily. Generally, such cysts will gradually shrink or disappear naturally after two to three months. If the cyst is relatively large, exceeding 5cm, and the ovary has not shrunk after two to three months of observation, but instead the cyst has grown, it is likely an ovarian tumor, which requires surgical treatment. If an ovarian tumor occurs, there is a potential for malignancy or torsion, so timely surgical intervention is necessary.

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Written by Li Shun Hua
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Are ovarian cysts easy to treat?

Most ovarian cysts are physiological. If it's the first time an ovarian cyst is detected, it can be observed, and a re-examination can be conducted after two months. If the cyst disappears or reduces in size, it is physiological and there is no need for concern or treatment. However, if the ovarian cyst has not reduced but has increased in size after two months, this is pathological, indicating an ovarian tumor. In this case, surgical treatment is necessary. This is because if an ovarian tumor persists for a long period, it may become malignant or lead to ovarian torsion, both of which can affect the body adversely.

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Written by Jia Rui
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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How to prepare for pregnancy with ovarian cysts

If you have ovarian cysts and the cysts are relatively large, it is recommended to control the cysts before considering pregnancy. If the cysts are not very large and do not have a significant impact on the body, you can also consider pregnancy and preparing for pregnancy, which generally proceeds as per the normal preparatory process. During the preparation period, try to avoid eating particularly stimulating foods, and abstain from drinking and smoking, as these may likely impact the fetus. It is also important to pay attention to regular exercise, strengthen the body, and maintain a robust constitution, which is conducive to the conception of a healthy fetus.