Are ovarian cysts easy to treat?

Written by Li Shun Hua
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Updated on September 29, 2024
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Most ovarian cysts are physiological. If it's the first time an ovarian cyst is detected, it can be observed, and a re-examination can be conducted after two months. If the cyst disappears or reduces in size, it is physiological and there is no need for concern or treatment. However, if the ovarian cyst has not reduced but has increased in size after two months, this is pathological, indicating an ovarian tumor. In this case, surgical treatment is necessary. This is because if an ovarian tumor persists for a long period, it may become malignant or lead to ovarian torsion, both of which can affect the body adversely.

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How to prepare for pregnancy with ovarian cysts

If you have ovarian cysts and the cysts are relatively large, it is recommended to control the cysts before considering pregnancy. If the cysts are not very large and do not have a significant impact on the body, you can also consider pregnancy and preparing for pregnancy, which generally proceeds as per the normal preparatory process. During the preparation period, try to avoid eating particularly stimulating foods, and abstain from drinking and smoking, as these may likely impact the fetus. It is also important to pay attention to regular exercise, strengthen the body, and maintain a robust constitution, which is conducive to the conception of a healthy fetus.

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Are ovarian cysts serious?

Ovarian tissue is very complex in composition. It is the site with the most types of primary tumors among all body organs. Different types of ovarian tumors exhibit significant differences in histological structure and biological behavior. Benign ovarian tumors are typically small, often asymptomatic, and are usually discovered incidentally during gynecological examinations. As cysts grow, one may experience abdominal bloating or feel a mass in the abdomen. During examination, abdominal distention can be observed, the mass is usually mobile, percussion shows a dull sound, and there is no shifting dullness. If the tumor is malignant, there are often no symptoms in the early stages; later stages mainly present with symptoms of abdominal bloating, abdominal masses, and gastrointestinal symptoms. If adhesions occur with surrounding tissues, symptoms of compression, such as abdominal pain, back pain, and leg pain may also appear. Therefore, ovarian tumors should be treated promptly once detected.

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malignant symptoms of ovarian cysts

Malignant ovarian cysts, commonly known as ovarian cancer, often present with no symptoms in most people. Patients generally do not exhibit any specific symptoms. In advanced stages, however, symptoms such as ascites and abdominal swelling or pain may occur due to the cyst pressing on other organs in the abdomen. Initially, these symptoms might be mistaken for gastrointestinal issues, hence the importance of undergoing a gynecological ultrasound examination. In early stages, ovarian tumors may not show any symptoms, so it is recommended that women undergo tumor marker tests, such as CA125 and HE4, as well as routine ultrasound examinations.

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Written by Xia Hu
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How to check for ovarian cysts?

There are two methods for examining ovarian cysts. Firstly, through a gynecological examination, especially in cases of sexual activity, a bimanual examination can be conducted. Under bimanual examination, a mass in one of the adnexal areas can be palpated, where the nature of the mass such as whether its boundaries are clear can be observed, as well as checking for tenderness. This allows for the examination of ovarian cysts. Another method involves an ultrasound. Generally, if performing an abdominal ultrasound, it is necessary to hold urine to view the ovaries clearly. If performing a vaginal ultrasound, especially in cases of sexual activity, this can be chosen; thus, the ultrasound can provide a clearer view. It is closer to the uterus and ovaries, and thus under ultrasound, the masses in the ovaries can be detected. Therefore, both of these methods are viable.

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Ovarian cysts have no symptoms

Most ovarian cysts are physiological, so few people experience symptoms. Common ovarian cysts include corpus luteum cysts and other ovarian cysts, which generally disappear naturally after two to three months. Therefore, if the ovarian cyst is not large, within five centimeters, and there are no symptoms, it is possible to temporarily observe it and perform an ultrasound after two to three months. If the cyst has not decreased in size or continues to grow, it may be an ovarian tumor, which would require surgical treatment. This is because if an ovarian tumor is left for a long time, it may become malignant or may lead to ovarian torsion.