Which test for pancreatic cancer is the most accurate?

Written by Liu Liang
Oncology
Updated on September 14, 2024
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Abdominal ultrasound and abdominal CT scans are the most commonly used imaging methods for diagnosing pancreatic cancer. Additionally, it is important to consider the patient's symptoms and blood tests for tumor markers, mainly IP antigen, CEA, and CA19-9. Confirming pancreatic cancer requires a biopsy to find cancer cells, which is the gold standard for diagnosis. Other tests can serve as screening and adjunct diagnostic tools. Confirmation requires a biopsy for pathological diagnosis or direct radical surgery followed by a postoperative pathological confirmation.

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Written by Zhou Chen
Oncology
1min 16sec home-news-image

How is pancreatic cancer diagnosed?

Ultrasound, CT, MRI, ERCP (Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography), PTCD (Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangio Drainage), angiography, laparoscopy, tumor markers measurement, cancer gene analysis, etc., are significantly helpful in confirming the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer and determining whether it is resectable surgically. Generally, ultrasound, CA199, and CEA can be used as screening tests. Once pancreatic cancer is suspected, a CT scan is necessary. If the patient has jaundice, especially severe, and a CT scan cannot confirm the diagnosis, ERCP and PTCD can be considered. If internal drainage is successful, surgery can be delayed for one to two weeks for patients with severe jaundice. The diagnostic value of MRI for pancreatic cancer is not superior to CT. If pancreatic cancer has been confirmed but it is uncertain whether it can be surgically removed, choosing angiography and laparoscopy is also clinically meaningful.

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Written by Huang Gang
Gastroenterology
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What to do about heart heat in late-stage pancreatic cancer?

In the late stages of pancreatic cancer, if you feel a burning sensation in the chest area, this is generally due to the spread of cancer cells causing this phenomenon. The spread of cancer cells can lead to an increase in body temperature, and even fever. There are also clinical manifestations such as palpitations, chest tightness, and increased heart rate. Treatment should be based on individual clinical symptoms, combined with the results of various examinations. Generally, in the late stages of pancreatic cancer, it is important to pay attention to replenishing the body's nutrition intravenously.

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Written by Zhou Zi Hua
Oncology
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Reasons for the low resection rate of pancreatic cancer

The resection rate for pancreatic cancer is relatively low because the pancreas is located behind the peritoneum in a deep position. In the early stages of pancreatic cancer, there are often no specific clinical symptoms. Therefore, by the time pancreatic cancer is detected in patients, it is usually already in the advanced stages. The pancreas is surrounded by blood vessels and nerves. Therefore, if it is found in the late stage, the surgical difficulty is very high, making it difficult to remove surgically, which is why the surgical resection rate for pancreatic cancer is low.

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Written by Cui Fang Bo
Oncology
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What are the abnormalities in blood indicators for pancreatic cancer?

Blood markers for pancreatic cancer often show multiple abnormalities. Pancreatic cancer itself can lead to an increase in related tumor markers. The two most common markers are carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19-9, especially carbohydrate antigen 19-9, which has a certain specificity. If pancreatic cancer progresses further, leading to compression of the biliary system, corresponding jaundice indicators can increase. This includes an increase in total bilirubin and direct bilirubin, as well as alkaline phosphatase and gamma-GTP. The most common metastasis site for pancreatic cancer is the liver, and after liver metastasis occurs, corresponding liver transaminases can increase.

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Written by Liu Liang
Oncology
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What is used for pain relief in pancreatic cancer?

If a pancreatic cancer patient is experiencing pain, the choice of pain medication can be based on the specific severity of the pain. For mild pain, mild pain relievers such as ibuprofen sustained-release capsules can be chosen initially. For moderate pain, pain relievers like tramadol can be used. If the daily dosage of tramadol exceeds eight tablets, which is two tablets each time, taken every six hours, and if the pain relief is still inadequate after 24 hours, then it might be appropriate to switch to opioid painkillers such as hydromorphone sustained-release tablets, morphine sustained-release tablets, or morphine.