Does cystitis require surgery?

Written by Zeng Zhong
Urology
Updated on September 02, 2024
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Patients with cystitis do not need surgery. Cystitis mainly occurs when the bladder's mucous membrane is infected by bacteria, causing inflammation inside the bladder. Patients often experience symptoms such as frequent urination, urgent urination, painful urination, and lower abdominal pain. Cystitis is primarily treated with medication, usually under a doctor’s guidance, either orally or through intravenous antibiotics. Additionally, patients are advised to drink more water and urinate frequently, which generally can cure cystitis.

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Written by Wang Shuai
Urology
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What should women with cystitis pay attention to?

Female patients suffering from cystitis should first go to the hospital's urology department to receive regular antibiotic treatment. Along with treatment, dietary habits should be kept light, avoiding spicy and irritating foods such as onions, ginger, garlic, and chili peppers. Additionally, avoid drinking strong tea, coffee, and other stimulating beverages. In terms of daily routine, avoid sitting for long periods and holding in urine. Engage in appropriate exercise, drink plenty of water, and urinate frequently to help flush out inflammatory exudates and bacteria from the bladder, which aids in treating the disease. Furthermore, strengthen the hygiene care of the external genitalia, keeping the area clean and dry, all of which are beneficial for the treatment of the disease.

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Urology
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How is bladder calculus treated?

Patients with cystitis who also have bladder stones need to use antibiotics for local anti-inflammatory treatment. Meanwhile, the bladder stones require formal treatment. If the size of the stone is less than 2 centimeters, patients can undergo extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in the lithotripsy department. If the size of the stone is more than 2 centimeters, patients need to visit the urology department for minimally invasive surgery, specifically ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy. During this procedure, a ureteroscope is inserted through the urethra to visually break up and flush out the stone.

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Urology
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Is cystitis easy to treat?

Cystitis refers to the congestion of the bladder mucosa caused by a bacterial infection, leading to symptoms such as frequent urination, urgency, painful urination, and blood in the urine. In this case, antibiotics can be used for treatment. If necessary, a urine culture and drug sensitivity test should be conducted, and sensitive antibiotics should be selected based on the results. Alternatively, empirical medication using levofloxacin or cephalosporin antibiotics can be employed. After anti-inflammatory treatment, recovery usually occurs within about a week. During treatment, it is important to maintain a light diet and avoid spicy and irritating foods. Drinking more water and urinating frequently can help flush out negative exudates and blood clots from the bladder.

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Urology
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Causes of cystitis

Cystitis refers to symptoms such as frequent urination, urgent urination, painful urination, hematuria, and even lower abdominal pain caused by infections from bacteria, viruses, mycoplasma, chlamydia, etc. The most common cause is bacteria entering the urethra through the urethral opening and spreading to the bladder. Additionally, kidney diseases such as pyelonephritis can also cause cystitis. Bacteria from the remaining infected urine produced by pyelonephritis travel down the ureters into the bladder, thus causing cystitis. After contracting cystitis, it is necessary to receive timely anti-inflammatory treatment, and generally, the condition can be healed with about a week of medication.

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Urology
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How is cystitis diagnosed?

Chronic cystitis can be diagnosed through various methods. Firstly, urinary tract imaging can demonstrate reduced bladder capacity, rough or irregular bladder margins. Secondly, an ultrasound can show a reduction in bladder cavity and general thickening of the bladder wall. Additionally, a CT scan can reveal widespread irregular thickening of the bladder wall and a reduction in bladder size, with the inner and outer surfaces appearing rough. These diagnostic methods can all be used to check for cystitis, though specific situations should be evaluated on a case-by-case basis.