Stage IB endometrial cancer treatment

Written by Xu Xiao Ming
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Updated on September 15, 2024
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Endometrial carcinoma Stage IB refers to tumors localized to the body of the uterus, where tumor infiltration is less than half of the myometrium. Surgical treatment is feasible for this stage and involves a slightly extensive total hysterectomy coupled with bilateral adnexectomy. During the surgery, a frozen section pathology test should be conducted. If the pathology report from the frozen section indicates special types of endometrial-like cancer, including papillary serous adenocarcinoma, clear cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, carcinosarcoma, and undifferentiated carcinoma, additional procedures are required. Moreover, if enlarged para-aortic or common iliac lymph nodes are palpated during the surgery, lymphadenectomy of the pelvic and para-aortic lymph nodes should be performed.

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Written by Zhang Lu
Obstetrics
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How is endometrial cancer staged?

Endometrial cancer is a common gynecological malignancy in women. Based on surgical and pathological results, endometrial cancer can be divided into four stages. Stage I is the mildest form of endometrial cancer, where the cancer is confined only within the endometrium and does not extend beyond the uterine serosa. Generally, stage 1a is when the cancer is less than half the width of the muscle, while stage 1b is when the cancer infiltrates more than half the width of the muscle. Stage II means the cancer has locally spread but only involves the cervix, without causing cervical stromal infiltration. Stage III involves local spread to the serosa and lymph nodes. Stage IV involves distant metastasis, such as to the liver and bones.

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Written by Xu Xiao Ming
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Causes of Endometrial Cancer

Patients with endometrial cancer generally have factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and obesity that induce the condition. They are more prone to developing endometrial cancer. Furthermore, endometrial cancer is divided into hormone-dependent and non-hormone-dependent types. Hormone-dependent endometrial cancer occurs when there is an excess of estrogen produced in the body without sufficient counteraction by progesterone, leading to excessive growth and proliferation of the endometrial lining. When this growth becomes uncontrolled, it can lead to cancer. Non-hormone-dependent endometrial cancer is not caused by hormonal factors and its development is more complex. Additionally, the pathology type of non-hormone-dependent endometrial cancer is also quite unique.

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Written by Liu Jian Wei
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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What to do about endometrial cancer pain?

Endometrial cancer, when cancerous tissues invade local nerves, can cause patients to experience pain. This type of pain is recommended to be alleviated by oral painkillers. Pain caused by cancer is an important factor affecting the quality of life of patients in the middle and late stages of the disease; therefore, in clinical practice, analgesic medications can be administered to relieve symptoms in patients with cancer pain. (Please take medications under the guidance of a doctor.)

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Written by Li Li Jie
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Does endometrial cancer cause bleeding every day?

In the early stages of endometrial cancer, the symptoms may only present as irregular vaginal discharge, which could be serous or bloody in nature. In advanced stages of endometrial cancer, irregular vaginal bleeding occurs, which can vary in amount and may not occur daily. This can also be accompanied by lower abdominal pain. Through an ultrasound, thickening of the endometrial lining or a mass in the uterine cavity can be seen, containing rich blood flow. It is essential to undergo a curettage and pathological examination to confirm if it is endometrial cancer. It is crucial to maintain good hygiene practices, avoid staying up late, pay attention to rest, timely diagnose at hospitals, and develop a healthy routine in daily life.

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Written by Zhang Lu
Obstetrics
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How many times for endometrial cancer chemotherapy?

Post-surgical treatment for endometrial cancer often requires adjunct therapies, commonly including chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The frequency of chemotherapy primarily depends on whether the pathological results of the endometrial cancer reveal high-risk factors. If no high-risk factors are present, regular observation and follow-ups are generally advised. However, if high-risk factors are present, such as lymph node metastasis or local infiltration, this condition requires 4-6 cycles of chemotherapy after surgery, supplemented by radiotherapy. Thus, for endometrial cancer, if high-risk factors exist, chemotherapy is needed for 4-6 cycles; if no high-risk factors are present, chemotherapy is generally unnecessary, and regular follow-ups suffice.