Acute nephritis is commonly seen in children and is a frequent type of glomerular disease in this group. Typically, one to three weeks prior to the onset, there often is a history of upper respiratory tract infection or skin infection. Subsequently, within one to three weeks, patients may experience gross hematuria and eyelid edema. In severe cases, elevated blood pressure and renal dysfunction may occur. Currently, there are no especially effective treatments for acute nephritis. However, if diagnosed properly and treated timely, the cure rate for acute nephritis is very high. Specifically, during the acute phase of acute nephritis, patients should rest in bed, follow a light diet, and adjust water intake based on urine output. Additionally, if patients with acute nephritis also have a respiratory infection, antibiotics should be administered, generally with penicillin as the first choice. Of course, if patients with acute nephritis have significant edema or markedly elevated blood pressure, it is appropriate to use diuretics and antihypertensive medications to avoid complications like hypertensive encephalopathy and heart failure. If some patients with acute nephritis also develop acute renal failure, timely dialysis treatment should be administered to improve the prognosis of acute nephritis and enhance the effectiveness of treatment.