What are the symptoms of the early stage of lupus erythematosus?

Written by Zhang Lin
Rheumatology and Immunology Nephrology
Updated on September 15, 2024
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The main symptom in the early stage of lupus is the appearance of a butterfly-shaped rash on the face, with most patients initially exhibiting these rashes, some of which are not butterfly-shaped. The rash can also appear on fingers, palms, and around the nails. Additionally, over 80% of patients experience unexplained fevers, which are irregular and can sometimes reach up to 40 degrees Celsius. Some patients also experience joint pain in the early stages of the disease, mainly starting with pain in larger joints such as the elbows, knees, and ankles. If joint pain is accompanied by fever, rash, and a decrease in white blood cells, it is advisable to promptly visit a hospital for an examination to check for lupus. Some patients may also experience Raynaud's phenomenon and photosensitivity in the early stages of lupus. There are no fixed symptoms in the early stages of lupus; it is mainly important to observe oneself regularly and seek medical attention if feeling unwell.

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Written by Liu Li Ning
Rheumatology
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Where does lupus erythematosus generally appear?

Lupus erythematosus can appear on various parts of the body. The most typical rash is the butterfly rash on the face, but it can also appear on other parts, such as discoid lupus, annular erythema, periungual erythema, and livedo reticularis. Additionally, systemic lupus erythematosus affects not only the skin and mucosa but can also involve the lungs, kidneys, heart, central nervous system, and other systems. Common manifestations include lupus nephritis and lupus pneumonia. The precise pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus is still unclear. If the damage is confined to the skin and mucosa, immunomodulators such as hydroxychloroquine can be used for treatment. If important organs are involved, it generally requires long-term maintenance treatment with corticosteroids combined with immunosuppressants to control the progression of the disease.

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Written by Zhang Lin
Rheumatology and Immunology Nephrology
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What are the symptoms of a lupus flare-up?

After treatment with steroids and other therapies, active lupus erythematosus usually improves and enters a stable phase. However, factors such as infection, pregnancy, surgery, fatigue, and discontinuation of medication can trigger the transition from a stable phase back to an active phase of lupus erythematosus. The following symptoms should be considered for a possible recurrence of the disease: First, onset of fever without reasons related to colds or infections. Second, appearance of new rashes or vascular-like rashes on fingertips and other areas. Third, recurrence of joint swelling and pain. Fourth, significant hair loss. Fifth, development of fresh ulcers in the mouth or nose. Sixth, development of fluid accumulation in the chest cavity or pericardium. Seventh, increased protein in urine, decrease in white blood cells or platelets, or significant anemia.

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Written by Zhang Lin
Rheumatology and Immunology Nephrology
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How is lupus treated?

The treatment of lupus erythematosus mainly involves the following aspects: Firstly, mild patients can be treated with antimalarial drugs, such as chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine, thalidomide, and low-dose corticosteroids; moderate active patients can receive individualized treatment with corticosteroids, and immunosuppressants may be used when necessary; for severe patients, corticosteroids are the preferred treatment, combined with immunosuppressants such as cyclophosphamide. Secondly, for lupus crisis patients, treatment can involve immunoglobulin, high-dose corticosteroid pulse therapy. Thirdly, biologics, such as anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies, plasmapheresis, and autologous stem cell transplantation, are also used clinically. Medication for treating lupus erythematosus should be used under the guidance of a doctor, and self-medication should be avoided to prevent serious consequences.

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Written by Liu Li Ning
Rheumatology
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What happens if someone with lupus occasionally drinks alcohol?

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that can affect multiple systems and organs throughout the body and is more commonly seen in women, particularly during their childbearing years. Clinically, it is mainly characterized by fever, rash, joint pain, oral ulcers, and hair loss. In terms of diet, it is recommended to eat light and avoid spicy and irritating foods. It is crucial to strictly abstain from smoking and drinking, avoid excessive fatigue, and direct sun exposure. Importantly, patients should strictly follow medical advice regarding medication and have regular check-ups.

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Written by Zhang Lin
Rheumatology and Immunology Nephrology
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For lupus, register under the department of Rheumatology.

Patients with lupus should visit the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, as lupus is a clinically complex autoimmune disease. Many people think that lupus is a skin disease, but this is not the case. Lupus is a rheumatic and immunological disease, belonging to the category of rheumatic immunological diseases, and is an uncommon autoimmune disease.