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Yan Xin Liang
Pediatrics
About me
Graduated from Nanhua University, engaged in pediatric work for over 10 years, and have further studied at Hunan Children's Hospital, Xiangya Hospital, and Beijing Children's Hospital.
Proficient in diseases
Diagnosis and treatment of common diseases in pediatric internal medicine, especially skilled in the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric respiratory system and neurological diseases, such as pediatric convulsions, epilepsy, asthma, and lung infections...
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Can children with diarrhea eat mangoes?
When a child has diarrhea, it is essential for the diet to be light and easy to digest. If the child is breastfed, the mother's diet should also be light and easy to digest. If the child is fed with cow's milk, consider temporarily switching to a special formula for diarrhea. When introducing solid foods, provide items that are easy to digest, such as thin porridge, noodles, or rice mush. Mangoes, being tropical fruits, tend to be cooling and should be avoided during diarrhea. Mangoes are rich in proteins and can also trigger allergies in some babies. Therefore, children who are allergic should not eat mangoes. Wait until the diarrhea has resolved before considering introducing mangoes.
Does roseola in infants cause itching?
Roseola infantum, also known as baby roseola, is a common acute febrile rash disease, mainly caused by human herpesvirus type 6 or 7. Its characteristic is that after three to five days of fever, the fever suddenly drops and the skin develops rose-pink maculopapular rashes. As the rash appears, the condition alleviates and recovery can be quick without complications. The rash in roseola infantum is caused by viral infection, not due to allergies, so the majority of cases do not involve itching. A very small portion might experience mild skin itching, but no special treatment is necessary as the symptoms generally subside within one or two days.
What should be paid attention to in the diet for Kawasaki disease?
Kawasaki disease, also known as mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome, is an autoimmune vasculitis. The main clinical manifestations include persistent fever for five days or more. Other symptoms include conjunctival congestion, dry and cracked lips, strawberry tongue, swollen cervical lymph nodes, and redness and swelling at the tips of fingers and toes. Due to recurrent fever, a light and easily digestible diet is recommended. It is advisable to drink plenty of water and eat vegetables and fruits, while avoiding spicy, stimulating, greasy, and hard-to-digest foods.
How to care for baby's sudden rash
Exanthem subitum in infants is caused by human herpesvirus type 6 or type 7 infection; it is an acute febrile rash disease. During the acute phase, a sudden high fever may occur, with body temperatures reaching up to 39°C or even over 40°C, followed by the appearance of a rash after the fever subsides. Therefore, it is crucial to monitor body temperature closely. During periods of high fever in infants, timely antipyretic treatment should be administered, such as oral fever-reducing medications, combined with physical cooling methods. Additionally, it is important to monitor the infant's mental response and ensure they drink plenty of water. When the rash appears, maintaining skin cleanliness and hygiene to prevent skin infections and other measures should be taken. (Specific medication use should be conducted under the guidance of a doctor.)
Does phenylketonuria transmit?
Phenylketonuria is an autosomal recessive genetic disease and the most common congenital amino acid metabolic disorder, characterized clinically by intellectual disability, light skin and hair pigmentation, and a musty urine odor. Phenylketonuria is due to a deficiency in phenylalanine hydroxylase, resulting in the inability to convert phenylalanine to tyrosine. This increases the concentration of phenylalanine in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and various tissue fluids. Due to the blockage of the main metabolic pathway, the secondary metabolic pathway is enhanced. Under the action of transaminases, phenylalanine is deaminated to produce a large amount of phenylpyruvic acid. Through oxidation, this leads to the production of phenylacetic acid, phenyllactic acid, and para-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid, among other metabolic byproducts, thus causing a series of clinical symptoms. It is a hereditary metabolic disease and is not contagious.
Do children with roseola need to avoid certain foods?
Roseola in infants is caused by human herpesvirus type 6 or type 7, characterized by high fever accompanied by a rash. The illness often starts with a sudden, acute fever, which can last three to five days. After the fever subsides, a rash appears, and once the rash fades, the illness generally resolves itself. During this infectious illness, dietary recommendations include light and easily digestible foods, as the baby's digestive function can decrease due to the fever. Therefore, greasy, spicy, and irritating foods should be avoided. It is advised to provide foods that are easy to digest, such as milk, porridge, noodles, vegetables, and mild fruits.
Is Kawasaki disease common?
Kawasaki disease, also known as mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome, is a disease of unknown etiology. Epidemiological data suggest that multiple pathogens such as Rickettsia, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, retroviruses, and Mycoplasma infections may be the causes, but these have not been confirmed. The incidence of this disease is relatively low worldwide, though it occurs more frequently among Asians. Epidemiological surveys in China from 2002 to 2004 indicated that the incidence rate among children under five in Beijing was 49.4/100,000. Although not particularly high, this incidence rate still makes it a relatively common autoimmune disease. The primary treatments for this disease are intravenous immunoglobulin and aspirin.
Phenylketonuria is caused by a deficiency in which enzyme?
Phenylketonuria is a common autosomal recessive genetic disorder and is the most common congenital disorder of amino acid metabolism. Clinically, its main features are intellectual disability, light skin and hair pigmentation, and a mouse-like urine odor. The disease is primarily due to a deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase, which inhibits the conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine, leading to increased concentrations of phenylalanine in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and various tissues. Due to the obstruction of the main metabolic pathway, the secondary metabolic pathway is enhanced. Under the action of transaminase, phenylalanine undergoes deamination to produce a large amount of phenylpyruvic acid, which, through oxidation, generates side metabolic products such as phenylacetic acid, phenyllactic acid, and para-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid, which are then excreted in high amounts in the urine. The high concentrations of phenylalanine and its metabolic byproducts accumulate in the brain tissue, causing damage to brain cells.
What should not be eaten with phenylketonuria?
Phenylketonuria is primarily due to a deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase in the body, which leads to the inability of phenylalanine to convert to tyrosine, resulting in the accumulation of phenylalanine and ketones, which are then excreted in the urine, causing a series of clinical symptoms. The main clinical manifestations of phenylketonuria are intellectual disability, psychiatric and neurological symptoms, and urine that smells like mouse. The treatment of phenylketonuria mainly involves a low-phenylalanine diet, maintaining the concentration of phenylalanine within a certain range. Therefore, the diet generally should not include foods high in phenylalanine concentration. At the same time, it is necessary to monitor the concentration of phenylalanine in the blood, as levels that are too high or too low are detrimental to a baby's growth and development. Treatment generally includes feeding with specialized low-phenylalanine formula, and during childhood, food intake can include starches, vegetables, fruits, and other low-protein foods, so it is important to consume high-protein foods sparingly.
Symptoms of intussusception in babies
Intussusception in infants initially manifests as vomiting, including the contents of the stomach and sometimes even a coffee-colored liquid. Subsequently, the infant may appear inconsolably fussy and experience abdominal pain, which is communicated through crying, as infants are unable to speak. Additionally, the stool may appear like jam or contain pus and blood, which is due to bleeding from the intestinal mucosa and intestinal tubes. Upon observing these symptoms, it is crucial to seek medical attention promptly and conduct further examinations at a hospital, such as an abdominal ultrasound and an upright abdominal X-ray, to confirm the diagnosis.