What is lymphoma Ki-67?

Written by Peng Li Bo
Oncology
Updated on December 22, 2024
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Lymphoma Ki67, also known as the proliferation index, is one of the indicators in immunohistochemistry performed after the pathological diagnosis of lymphoma. If this proliferation index is higher, it indicates that the activity of the tumor is stronger, and its proliferation is more active, thus the tumor should be given sufficient attention. Of course, active treatment should be pursued. Therefore, Ki67 reflects the activity of a tumor; if the index is very high, greater than 90%, it sometimes implies that the tumor can grow very rapidly, or not only grows significantly but might also spread to many places.

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Written by Zhou Zi Hua
Oncology
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Typical symptoms of lymphoma

Typical symptoms of lymphoma include night sweats, fever, and weight loss. This fever often occurs in the afternoon, characterized as a cyclical fever that lasts for several days with irregular patterns. There are fever-free intervals ranging from a few days to several weeks, almost a nonspecific symptom but not commonly seen. Fever, night sweats, and unexplained weight loss of more than 10% within six months, or even emaciation, are considered B symptoms and are associated with a poor prognosis. In addition, skin itching is also not uncommon in late-stage patients.

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Early symptoms of lymphoma

The early symptoms of lymphoma involve the painless enlargement of both superficial and deep lymph nodes, most commonly located in areas such as the neck, armpits, and groin. Of course, lymphoma also presents with systemic symptoms, such as fever, night sweats, weight loss, and skin itching. Since lymphoma commonly occurs in the neck, armpits, and groin, if it develops in other areas, such as the lungs or elsewhere, it may cause respiratory symptoms, including coughing, expectoration, and shortness of breath.

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Written by Liu Liang
Oncology
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Does lymphoma infect family members?

Lymphoma and other malignant tumors, such as lung cancer, breast cancer, intestinal cancer, liver cancer, etc., are all non-contagious. Therefore, even if you live with your family every day, you do not have to worry about transmitting malignant tumors to your family members; they are not contagious. When we refer to contagious diseases, we call them infectious diseases, common ones include tuberculosis, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, H1N1, etc. These are contagious diseases, but malignant tumors are not contagious and will not be spread to family members.

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Written by Liu Liang
Oncology
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The pattern of fever in lymphoma

Fever symptoms are quite common in patients with lymphoma, which we refer to as B symptoms. The pattern of their fevers is primarily low-grade, occurring more frequently in the afternoon or evening. Unlike ordinary bacterial infections, fevers in these patients do not respond well to anti-inflammatory drugs, but they do respond better to steroid treatment for reducing fever. However, if the lymphoma is not under control, their fever will repeatedly recur. Corresponding cooling treatments can reduce the temperature, but the fever will reoccur repeatedly. Only when the lymphoma and tumor are under control will the fever symptoms start to improve.

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How to rule out lymphoma in children

Lymphoma is a malignant tumor originating from the lymphatic system. The main clinical manifestation is painless lymph node enlargement, which can occur in superficial lymph nodes such as in the neck, armpits, or groin, as well as deeper lymph nodes in the mediastinum or abdominal cavity. In pediatric patients with lymphoma, a significant number also present with abdominal pain, intestinal obstruction, or intussusception, which often indicates intestinal lymphoma. If children exhibit lymph node enlargement or deep lymph node enlargement is discovered through imaging studies, it is necessary to perform a puncture or biopsy and conduct a pathological examination to further confirm whether it is lymphoma.