How is a uterine prolapse surgery performed?

Written by Gao Tian
General Surgery
Updated on September 10, 2024
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Regarding how to perform surgery for uterine prolapse, first, we must define what uterine prolapse is. It mainly refers to the descent from the normal position through the vagina, with the external cervix reaching below the level of the ischial spines, or even completely protruding outside the vaginal opening, which is called uterine prolapse. Therefore, preoperative assessments need to be conducted before surgery to check for inflammation and other methods. Then, there are two types of treatments: surgical and non-surgical. Non-surgical treatment mainly includes pelvic floor muscle exercises and physical therapy such as placing a uterine pessary. Surgical treatment involves surgical intervention based on the location of the prolapse.

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Written by Zhang Xiu Rong
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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How to self-check for uterine prolapse

Uterine prolapse can be self-detected. If you feel a swelling in the genital area, or something protruding by itself that disappears when lying flat, there is a high probability of uterine prolapse or significant bulging of the anterior or posterior vaginal wall. This method can be used for self-examination. It is best to visit a hospital for an annual gynecological check-up and ultrasound. Through a gynecological internal examination, the doctor can indirectly assess the condition of the cervix. Therefore, mild uterine prolapse is generally not detectable by oneself, and such conditions generally require a gynecological internal examination in a hospital for a definitive diagnosis. Only in cases of severe prolapse will abnormalities be noticeable.

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Written by Li Li Jie
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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What is a good treatment for uterine prolapse?

Generally, mild uterine prolapse does not have a significant impact on the body and can continue to be observed. It is also important to frequently perform anal contraction exercises to prevent the worsening of uterine prolapse. If uterine prolapse severely affects sexual life and normal daily activities, surgical treatment should be considered. This can include repair of the anterior and posterior vaginal wall, or partial cervical resection combined with repair of the anterior and posterior vaginal wall. If necessary, consider performing a vaginal hysterectomy. Regularly practicing yoga at home and running daily if possible can effectively enhance body resistance and also prevent severe uterine prolapse.

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Written by Sun Shan Shan
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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What are the symptoms of uterine prolapse?

Patients with mild uterine prolapse generally do not exhibit symptoms. Severe prolapse can cause pulling on the ligaments and fasciae, resulting in pelvic congestion, with patients experiencing varying degrees of soreness in the lower back or a sensation of heaviness. Symptoms become noticeable after standing for extended periods or after fatigue but significantly lessen after resting in bed. It is crucial for patients experiencing uterine prolapse to seek timely medical examination at a hospital to determine the severity of the condition. Patients with mild uterine prolapse can also use traditional Chinese medicine or acupuncture and other physical therapies to promote the recovery of pelvic floor muscle tension and relieve local symptoms. If the prolapse is severe, surgical treatment may be necessary, and it is generally advised to avoid cold and fatigue.

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Written by Liu Jian Wei
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Can pelvic organ prolapse be detected by ultrasound?

For uterine prolapse, ultrasound examination mostly cannot detect it. The preferred method of examination for uterine prolapse is gynecological examination. Gynecological examination can observe the position of the vaginal cervix, effectively assess uterine prolapse, and determine its grade. This helps to clarify whether it is a prolapse of the anterior uterine wall, the posterior uterine wall, or the uterus itself. Based on the results of the examination, the next step in the treatment plan can be formulated. In cases of severe uterovaginal prolapse, surgical treatment may be necessary when required.

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Written by Shen Li Wen
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Does uterine prolapse affect menstruation?

In most cases, uterine prolapse does not affect the normal menstrual cycle in women. However, in very rare instances where the symptoms of uterine prolapse are severe, part of the uterus may prolapse outside the vagina, such as external cervical protrusion. This can cause the cervical tissue to rub against the underwear, leading to local ulcers and even infections. At this point, this can result in the presence of purulent vaginal discharge or bleeding in women. If a woman's immune resistance decreases, the infection can ascend, causing inflammation of the uterine lining. This condition can affect the menstrual cycle, with some women experiencing increased menstrual flow. Additionally, some women may exhibit irregular cycles, irregular vaginal bleeding, and abdominal pain.