How is bacterial pneumonia treated?

Written by Han Shun Li
Pulmonology
Updated on September 05, 2024
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Bacterial pneumonia is a common respiratory disease. After contracting it, patients often experience fever, coughing, chest pain, and chest tightness. Lung imaging can reveal exudative shadows in the lungs. So, how should bacterial pneumonia be treated? The first step is to use antibiotics to which the bacteria are sensitive, commonly including penicillins, cephalosporins, macrolides, and fluoroquinolones. Additionally, symptomatic treatment is employed, such as antipyretic analgesics for fever, cough suppressants if there is little sputum, and expectorants for thick and sticky sputum.

Other Voices

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Written by Zhu Hua
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Can bacterial vaginitis lead to pelvic inflammatory disease?

Bacterial vaginitis can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease. Bacterial vaginosis is a mixed infection caused by the imbalance of normal vaginal flora. When bacterial vaginosis occurs, the predominance of lactobacilli in the vagina decreases, leading to the overgrowth of other microorganisms such as Gardnerella, anaerobes, and some staphylococci. The proliferation of these pathogens can compromise the host's defense mechanisms. These pathogens can travel from the vagina to the uterine cavity and then to the pelvic cavity, leading to disturbances in the microecological environment of the pelvis and resulting in pelvic inflammatory disease.

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Written by He Jing
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Why is there tofu-like discharge in bacterial vaginitis?

Bacterial vaginitis may have cottage cheese-like discharge, which requires consideration of bacterial and fungal co-infection. It is advisable to visit a hospital for routine vaginal discharge tests. If these tests indicate the presence of fungi, the diagnosis can be confirmed as fungal vaginitis with a concurrent bacterial infection. Therefore, the appearance of the discharge may change to resemble cottage cheese, but at this point, treatment becomes complicated as it requires addressing both bacterial vaginitis and fungal vaginitis simultaneously. The treatment methods for these two conditions are actually opposite. Under a doctor's guidance, considering vaginal insertions of nifuratel-nystatin capsules for symptomatic treatment may be advisable. Observing the treatment response or, if the effect is not apparent, considering treating the fungal infection first, followed by the bacterial infection.

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Written by Zhang Hui
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Is bacterial vaginitis caused by men?

Bacterial vaginosis is a common gynecological condition characterized by an increase in vaginal discharge that is grayish-white and thin in consistency, and may be accompanied by itching or burning of the vulva. It is not caused by a single pathogen, but rather a combination of various pathogens. However, the exact cause of changes in the vaginal flora is not clear. It may be related to unhygienic sexual practices with men or frequent sexual activity. It is advised to visit a gynecology outpatient clinic at a reputable local hospital to determine the specific cause. Under the guidance of a clinical doctor, standardized treatment should be administered.

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Written by Ding Ying Bo
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Does bacterial vaginitis affect menstruation?

Most bacterial vaginitis has no significant effect on menstruation. Because when women have bacterial vaginitis, it does not affect the ovarian secretion of estrogen, so it does not affect menstruation. Sometimes women develop bacterial vaginitis before menstruation and choose vaginal medication. Because the endometrial lining is relatively thick and menstruation is approaching, local medication may cause irritation, leading to the shedding of the endometrium. This is caused by local medication stimulation, not by affecting women's menstruation. Most cases of bacterial vaginitis are likely to recur after menstruation is over, so it is recommended that women undergo consolidation treatment for bacterial vaginitis after their periods are clean. In some women with bacterial vaginitis, particularly those with poor immunity, it might lead to acute cervicitis, and potentially further develop into endometritis. These conditions may cause women to experience prolonged menstrual bleeding, although this is relatively rare.

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Written by Huang Shuai
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Can you have children with bacterial vaginitis?

When there is a clear case of bacterial vaginosis, it is generally recommended to cure it before planning to conceive a child. This is mainly because, if one becomes pregnant while having bacterial vaginosis, it may increase the risk of miscarriage or premature birth. This is primarily due to the fact that bacterial vaginosis can lead to an increase in inflammatory substances in the vagina or cervix. The increase in inflammatory cells can easily stimulate contractions, thus leading to the risks of miscarriage, premature birth, and an increased risk of premature rupture of membranes. Therefore, it is generally advised to first cure the vaginitis before planning a pregnancy.