How to prevent premature rupture of membranes?

Written by Wang Jing Hua
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Updated on February 14, 2025
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The prevention of premature rupture of membranes primarily involves preventing infection. This is because the main cause of premature rupture of membranes is likely due to infection, though it can also be due to pelvic issues and irregular uterine contractions that stimulate the rupture. Therefore, those with a history of premature rupture of membranes should undergo relevant examinations early in pregnancy and receive prenatal care routinely, including tests for vaginal secretions. Even if one feels no discomfort, it is advisable to conduct an examination for vaginal pathogens and, if necessary, begin medication early. (Medication should be used under the guidance of a professional doctor.)

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Written by Zhang Lu
Obstetrics
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How is premature rupture of membranes diagnosed?

Premature rupture of membranes refers to the rupture of the membranes before labor, with amniotic fluid leaking intermittently. For the diagnosis of premature rupture of membranes, the following methods are primarily used. First, through the symptoms of the patient, when the membranes rupture prematurely, a clear liquid intermittently leaks from the vagina. However, this liquid must be distinguished from vaginal secretions and urine. Second, judgement can be made based on the presence of fern-like crystals in the amniotic fluid. A small amount of the liquid can be taken and observed under a microscope, and if distinct fern-like crystals are observed, it can be concluded that there is premature rupture of membranes. Third, the use of premature rupture of membranes test strips can aid in diagnosis. If the test strip changes color upon contact with the leaking fluid, it can be definitively diagnosed as premature rupture of membranes. Fourth, ultrasound can serve as a supplementary method, as amniotic fluid often decreases with premature rupture of membranes, and an ultrasound can reveal amniotic fluid levels below the normal range.

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Written by Du Rui Xia
Obstetrics
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What fruits are good to eat when membranes rupture prematurely?

When premature rupture of membranes occurs, pregnant women can moderately consume some fruits that have a low sugar content. It is also important to eat fruit between meals in appropriate amounts, not excessively, as it might affect normal eating. Neutral fruits are recommended, including pomegranates, lemons, oranges, grapes, apples, olives, pineapples, and bananas, all of which are suitable to eat after premature rupture of membranes. Additionally, fruits such as kiwis, cherries, crabapples, and loquats can be consumed to supplement vitamins and folic acid. Fruits rich in Vitamin C such as tangerines, and also oranges and grapefruits, are also good options.

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Written by Yue Hua
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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The hazards of premature rupture of membranes

Premature rupture of membranes primarily affects the mother by leading to infections. Once the membranes rupture, bacteria can easily enter the uterine cavity from the vagina, causing chorioamnionitis. Additionally, it may lead to placental abruption, as the rupture of the membranes causes a decrease in abdominal tension, thus making placental abruption more likely to occur. It also leads to an increased rate of cesarean sections, because the reduction in amniotic fluid can cause irregular uterine contractions and the umbilical cord to be easily compressed, which may endanger the fetus. The main impact on the fetus is an increased risk of preterm birth.

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Written by Du Rui Xia
Obstetrics
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Can you still have a natural birth if the membranes rupture prematurely?

Whether a natural delivery is possible after premature rupture of membranes depends on the condition of the pregnant woman and the fetus. If the woman's pelvis is normal and there are no signs of intrauterine hypoxia in the baby, then a natural delivery can be conducted. If, during natural delivery, the baby shows signs of hypoxia or the woman's pelvic conditions are not favorable, a cesarean section should be performed promptly after the premature rupture of membranes. If delivery cannot be achieved naturally within 24 hours after the premature rupture of membranes, it is crucial to prevent infection.

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Written by Zhang Lu
Obstetrics
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Premature rupture of membranes causes and symptoms

The symptoms of premature rupture of membranes include the following aspects: First, the most important symptom is the intermittent discharge of clear fluid from the vagina, which is often the most typical symptom of premature rupture of membranes. Second, abdominal pain can occur, as the rupture of the membranes can stimulate contractions causing pain. Third, sometimes there may be a small amount of spotting, mainly due to a small amount of bleeding caused when the membranes rupture. The causes of premature rupture of membranes include the following aspects: First, excessive amniotic fluid can cause high pressure inside the amniotic cavity, which may sometimes lead to spontaneous rupture of the membranes. Second, if there is local inflammation, such as chorioamnionitis, it can also cause the membranes to rupture under severe conditions, leading to premature rupture of membranes.