How is cervical polyp surgery performed?

Written by Yan Qiao
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Updated on September 02, 2024
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Cervical polyp removal surgery is a very common minor procedure in gynecology. This surgery involves minimal trauma, short operation time, and quick postoperative recovery. Generally, we conduct this surgery in the minor operation room of the gynecological outpatient clinic, and it does not require hospitalization; patients can go home right after the removal. During the procedure, we can use a biopsy forceps or a small curved forceps to directly clamp the pedicle of the polyp and remove it. Ideally, the procedure should be done under a colposcope. When using a colposcope, applying acetic acid or Lugol's solution helps in observing the appearance of the cervical polyp, facilitating differentiation from other conditions, such as Nabothian cysts which can easily be confused with cervical polyps.

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Written by Liu Jian Wei
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Can cervical polyps be seen with the naked eye?

Cervical polyps are a common condition in gynecological clinics, and most cervical polyps can be seen with the naked eye. These tissues are visible red polyp-like tissues. However, it is important to note that if the polyps are located deep within the cervix, they may not be detectable by the naked eye. There is also a special situation where patients undergo a gynecological examination to check for cervical polyps during non-menstrual periods. However, as menstruation occurs, the cervical polyps may not be visible during several gynecological examinations. This might be due to the influence of menstruation, causing the cervical polyps to retract into the cervix, thus, remaining out of sight.

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Written by Liu Jian Wei
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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What are the harms of cervical polyps?

Cervical polyps are a common gynecological condition, with their main risks including: First, cervical polyps can undergo malignant transformation, albeit rarely. Once malignant transformation occurs, it leads to adverse consequences and affects the patient's survival. Second, cervical polyps can cause irregular vaginal bleeding. The tissue of female cervical polyps is fragile, so when exposed to external friction or during sexual activity, the blood vessels on the surface of the cervical polyps can rupture, leading to irregular vaginal bleeding.

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Written by Shen Li Wen
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Is cervical polyp not very serious?

In most cases, cervical polyps in women are benign lesions of the cervix caused by chronic inflammation. If the polyp is small, typically the clinical symptoms are not severe, or there may even be no symptoms at all. Some women might experience a small amount of vaginal bleeding or blood-streaked discharge after intercourse or a gynecological examination. When the size of the cervical polyp increases, the clinical manifestations can be more severe, such as bloody discharge or bleeding after intercourse. In very rare cases, regardless of the size, cervical polyps may be cancerous. In such cases, it is necessary to remove them promptly and perform a histopathological examination to determine whether the lesion is benign or malignant.

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Written by Zhang Xiu Rong
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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How long will it take for bleeding from a cervical polyp to stop?

Cervical polyps generally cause bloody discharge or light bleeding after intercourse. Such bleeding usually does not last long. Therefore, cervical polyps generally require a hospital visit for outpatient surgery to remove the polyps. After the removal, pathology tests are generally conducted and if there are no issues, it is usually not a big concern. Having cervical polyps generally does not cause prolonged bleeding. If irregular bleeding occurs, further examination such as endocrine testing at the hospital is necessary. Additionally, cervical cancer screening should be conducted. It is essential to identify the cause of the irregular bleeding and then treat accordingly based on the examination results. Isolated cervical polyps will not cause heavy bleeding; they only cause light bleeding after intercourse or bloody discharge, which is minor bleeding.

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Written by Zhang Xiu Rong
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Can cervical polyps affect fertility?

It is generally found that cervical polyps do not affect fertility, only endometrial polyps beneath the mucous membrane affect fertility. If a simple cervical polyp is found, it can be removed through a polypectomy, and treating inflammation symptomatically after the surgery is usually sufficient. Cervical polyps generally do not affect fertility, but those located beneath the mucous membrane do because they can disrupt the implantation of a fertilized egg in the uterine cavity by implanting at the site of the polyp, affecting embryonic blood circulation, which can lead to biochemical pregnancy or threatened miscarriage. Therefore, if endometrial polyps affect fertility, it is clear that cervical polyps do not. The treatment for cervical polyps is also quite simple and can generally be handled in the outpatient department of a hospital.