Is primary liver cancer hereditary?

Written by Liu Liang
Oncology
Updated on February 25, 2025
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The occurrence of tumors is related to multiple factors including genetics, environment, and the lifestyle habits of the patient. Therefore, primary liver cancer does have a genetic component. If parents, siblings, grandparents, etc., have a history of liver cancer, the offspring of such patients might have a higher probability of developing liver cancer compared to the general population. However, it's not absolute, as it also depends on other factors like environment, personal dietary habits, lifestyle habits, whether one has hepatitis, alcoholic liver cirrhosis, and other similar factors. Thus, those with a family history of liver cancer are likely to have a higher risk of developing the condition and should be more vigilant about disease screening. Screening should be more frequent than for the general population, but this is not an absolute rule.

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Written by Liu Liang
Oncology
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What to do if vomiting occurs in liver cancer?

Liver cancer is divided into two main pathological types, the first being hepatocellular carcinoma, which is the most common, and the other being cholangiocellular carcinoma. Clinically, vomiting is also a common symptom of liver cancer. For symptomatic treatment, we can provide gastric protection and administer antiemetic drugs such as stomach comfort, but these are only symptomatic treatments and do not cure the root cause. The key is still to treat the liver cancer itself, as the symptoms will only alleviate once the cancer is under control. For advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, targeted therapies like sorafenib are available. If it is cholangiocellular carcinoma, and symptoms like vomiting and jaundice appear, which may be obstructive symptoms, then a surgical procedure in hepato-biliary surgery to drain the bile can be performed, which can also alleviate the symptoms of vomiting. (Medications should be used under the guidance of a doctor.)

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Written by Sun Wei
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Is primary liver cancer prone to metastasis?

Primary liver cancer's likelihood of metastasis depends on its pathological staging. If detected in the middle or late stages, it is more likely to metastasize. The most common sites of metastasis for primary liver cancer include intrahepatic and nearby digestive organs, such as the gastrointestinal tract and the peritoneum. Additionally, primary liver cancer can also spread through the bloodstream and the lymphatic system, reaching distant locations like the lungs, brain, and bones. If primary liver cancer cannot be surgically treated, the treatment options are limited, and the survival time is generally short, with an average lifespan of about one to two years.

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Written by Cui Fang Bo
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Is the alpha-fetoprotein high in the early stage of liver cancer?

Patients with liver cancer may not necessarily have elevated carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels in the early stages. CEA, a commonly used tumor marker, tends to increase in various types of malignancies. However, an elevation in CEA is not necessarily linked to the occurrence of malignant tumors. Many patients with early-stage tumors, including liver cancer, may not have elevated CEA levels at diagnosis. Conversely, elevated CEA levels in some patients may be due to benign conditions and not necessarily indicate malignancy. Therefore, it is unreasonable to determine the presence of liver cancer solely based on the elevation of CEA.

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Will having hepatitis B antibodies lead to liver cancer?

Firstly, there is no necessary connection between liver cancer and antibodies, but if a patient has hepatitis B antibodies, then the chance of this patient contracting hepatitis B is very small. Relatively speaking, since hepatitis B can develop into liver cancer, having positive hepatitis B antibodies might reduce the chance of developing liver cancer. However, there are many types of liver cancer, and its causes are varied, including hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and other factors.

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Does liver cancer cause nosebleeds in its early stages?

Patients with early-stage liver cancer generally do not exhibit clinical symptoms of nosebleeds. Nosebleeds are a clinical manifestation of late-stage liver cancer. Early-stage liver cancer patients usually have atypical symptoms, which may include tenderness in the liver area, decreased appetite, abdominal bloating, and symptoms of indigestion. As the disease progresses, the liver cancer invades surrounding tissues and metastasizes to distant sites, leading to liver function impairment and coagulation disorders, which can result in nosebleeds. Some patients may also develop splenic hyperfunction due to liver damage, leading to a decrease in platelets, which can also cause nosebleeds. Additionally, some patients in the late stages may develop disseminated intravascular coagulation, leading to spontaneous internal and mucosal bleeding, clinically manifesting as nosebleeds.