Sequelae of pleurisy with pulmonary effusion

Written by Yuan Qing
Pulmonology
Updated on September 22, 2024
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The main sequelae of pleurisy with pleural effusion are pleural adhesions, which can affect respiratory function. Pleurisy is mostly caused by infectious diseases, although a portion is also due to non-infectious diseases. In the case of pleural effusion caused by infectious diseases, it contains a large amount of fibrinogen, which has the function of adhering to our pleura, thereby causing the pleura to thicken. At this time, the pleura will compress our lungs, significantly reducing the respiratory volume of our lungs, which greatly affects our respiratory function. Patients mainly exhibit symptoms such as shortness of breath, chest tightness, and rapid breathing even with slight activity or while lying in bed. Therefore, if pleurisy is detected, it is crucial to drain the fluid from the patient as soon as possible to avoid delaying treatment and the subsequent development of severe sequelae.

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Written by Shen Jiang Chao
Radiology
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Pleural inflammation CT manifestations

The causes of pleurisy mainly include tuberculous, purulent, bacterial, tumorous, traumatic, and rheumatic types, with the tuberculous type being the most common. Pleurisy is predominantly characterized by pleural effusion, which generally looks similar on a CT scan. CT scans cannot distinguish the cause of pleurisy. A small amount of pleurisy manifests as a minor amount of free effusion, appearing as an arc or crescent of uniform density along the posterior chest wall. As the effusion gradually increases to a moderate or large amount, it can compress lung tissue, leading to compressive atelectasis. In cases of large volume effusion, aside from causing atelectasis, it can also significantly push the mediastinum towards the healthy side.

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Written by Wang Chun Mei
Pulmonology
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Does pleural calcification easily turn into cancer?

Pleurisy is a very common type of inflammatory lesion clinically. There are many factors that cause pleurisy, and it is generally seen in young and middle-aged males, mainly caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of the pleural cavity. If the pleurisy is tuberculous, it is usually treated with effective anti-tuberculosis medications systematically, which typically requires a course of 6 to 9 months. After complete recovery from pleurisy, many patients may show varying degrees of calcification spots in the pleural cavity. Generally, these calcification spots after recovery from pleurisy do not easily become cancerous.

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Written by Yuan Qing
Pulmonology
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Is pleurisy calcification dangerous?

Pleural calcification generally poses no major danger. It is typically a result of incomplete treatment of pleuritis or prolonged illness that delays the disease management, causing the disease to progress and the pleura to develop adhesions, leading to the deposition of calcium salts on the pleura and resulting in calcification. Depending on the extent of this pleural calcification, if severe, it may affect lung expansion and thereby reduce respiratory function. However, most cases do not exhibit significant symptoms. Moreover, it does not greatly impact the patient's life or quality of life. Therefore, when such calcification is observed, it is generally recommended that the patient be advised to attend regular follow-up checks. It does not necessarily cause any special symptoms, so there is no need for concern.

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Thoracic Surgery
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Can you exercise with pleurisy?

Whether or not a patient with pleurisy can exercise should be determined based on the individual's specific condition. For mild pleurisy without pleural effusion and severe pain, exercise is permissible. However, if pleural effusion is present, it should be drained or aspirated first, after which exercise can be encouraged. Exercise should be moderate, as it can help absorb the pleural effusion, which is beneficial for the patient. Additionally, if pleurisy causes severe pain, it is best to minimize movement to avoid exacerbating the pain.

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Written by Wang Chun Mei
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What is the cause of hemoptysis in pleurisy?

Pleurisy is generally more commonly seen in young adults and children clinically, and is most commonly caused by an infection of the pleura by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Usually, patients with this type of pleurisy do not experience symptoms of coughing up blood. The typical symptoms caused by pleurisy primarily include chest pain, coughing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and in severe cases with a lot of pleural effusion, it can cause the patient to experience breathing difficulties and sometimes chills. Therefore, the clinical symptoms presented by different patients can vary. When a patient with pleurisy has a severe cough, it can lead to the rupture of the capillaries in the bronchial walls, which can cause the patient to have varying degrees of blood in the sputum, or even coughing up blood.