Potassium is one of the essential electrolytes for life. Its physiological functions mainly include maintaining cellular metabolism, regulating osmotic pressure, acid-base balance, and maintaining cell stress functions. The human body intakes about 100 millimoles of potassium each day, of which 90% is excreted through the kidneys, and the remainder is excreted through the gastrointestinal tract. Potassium mainly exists inside cells, with serum potassium accounting for only 2% of the total potassium in the body. The concentration of potassium in serum is between 3.5 to 5.5 mmol/L. If the concentration of serum potassium is below 3.5 mmol/L, it is considered hypokalemia, which is often due to insufficient potassium intake or excessive potassium excretion.