The clinical manifestations of hypokalemia are diverse, and the most life-threatening involve the cardiac conduction system and neuromuscular system. Mild hypokalemia is characterized on the electrocardiogram by flattened or absent T waves and the appearance of U waves. Severe hypokalemia can lead to fatal arrhythmias, such as ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, or sudden death. In the neuromuscular system, the most prominent symptoms of hypokalemia are skeletal muscle relaxation, paralysis, and loss of tone in smooth muscles, leading to rhabdomyolysis. When respiratory muscles are involved, it can lead to respiratory failure. Hypokalemia can also cause insulin resistance or hinder insulin release, leading to significant glucose intolerance. A decrease in potassium excretion results in a reduced ability of the kidneys to concentrate urine, causing polyuria and low specific gravity urine.